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The impact of Japanese nationalism and militarism on foreign policy

Japanese expansion in East Asia - Causes of expansion

Japanese expansion in East Asia - Events and Responses

German and Italian Expansion (1933-1940) - Causes of expansion

German expansion - Events and Responses

Italian expansion - Events and Responses

Civil rights movement in the United States - Nature and characteristics of discrimination

Civil rights movement in the United States - Protests and action

Civil rights movement in the United States - The role and significance of key actors/groups

Apartheid South Africa - Nature and characteristics of discrimination

Apartheid South Africa - Protests and action

Apartheid South Africa - The role and significance of key actors/groups

Rwanda - Causes of the conflict

Rwanda - Course and interventions

Rwanda - Impact

Kosovo - Causes of the conflict

Kosovo - Course and interventions

Kosovo - Impact

Paper 2 - Society and Economy (750-1400)

Paper 2 - Causes and effects of wars (750–1500)

Paper 2 - Dynasties and rulers (750–1500)

Societies in transition (1400–1700)

Early Modern states (1450–1789)

Origins, development and impact of industrialization (1750–2005)

Causes and effects of Early Modern wars (1500–1750)

Ethiopian-Adal War (1529-1543) - Causes of conflicts

Ethiopian-Adal War (1529-1543) - Practices and impact on outcome

Ethiopian-Adal War (1529-1543) - Effects

Ottoman-Mamluk War (1516-1517) - Causes of conflicts

Ottoman-Mamluk War (1516-1517) - Practices and impact on outcome

Ottoman-Mamluk War (1516-1517) - Effects

Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire (1591) - Causes of conflicts

Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire (1591) - Practices and impact on outcome

Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire (1591) - Effects

Acadian Civil War (1640-1645) - Causes of conflicts

Acadian Civil War (1640-1645) - Practices and impact on outcome

Acadian Civil War (1640-1645) - Effects

Beaver Wars (mid-17th century) - Causes of conflicts

Beaver Wars (mid-17th century) - Practices and impact on outcome

Beaver Wars (mid-17th century) - Effects

Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Incan Empires - Causes of conflicts

Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Incan Empires - Practices and impact on outcome

Spanish conquest of the Aztec and Incan Empires - Effects

Pueblo Revolt (1680) - Causes of conflicts

Pueblo Revolt (1680) - Practices and impact on outcome

Pueblo Revolt (1680) - Effects

Mughal conquests - Causes of conflicts

Mughal conquests - Practices and impact on outcome

Mughal conquests - Effects

Burmese-Siamese War (1547-1549) - Causes of conflicts

Burmese-Siamese War (1547-1549) - Practices and impact on outcome

Burmese-Siamese War (1547-1549) - Effects

Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598) - Causes of conflicts

Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598) - Practices and impact on outcome

Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598) - Effects

Qing conquest of Ming China - Causes of conflicts

Qing conquest of Ming China - Practices and impact on outcome

Qing conquest of Ming China - Effects

Dutch War of Independence (1568-1648) - Causes of conflicts

Dutch War of Independence (1568-1648) - Practices and impact on outcome

Dutch War of Independence (1568-1648) - Effects

Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) - Causes of conflicts

Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) - Practices and impact on outcome

Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) - Effects

Russo-Swedish War (1554-1557) - Causes of conflicts

Russo-Swedish War (1554-1557) - Practices and impact on outcome

Russo-Swedish War (1554-1557) - Effects

Great Northern War (1700-1721) - Causes of conflicts

Great Northern War (1700-1721) - Practices and impact on outcome

Great Northern War (1700-1721) - Effects

English Civil War (1642-1651) - Causes of conflicts

English Civil War (1642-1651) - Practices and impact on outcome

English Civil War (1642-1651) - Effects

Paper 2 - Independence Movements

India

Ben Bella and Algeria

Nkrumah and Ghana

Kenyatta and Kenya

Ho Chi Minh and Vietnam

Emergence and development of democratic states (1848–2000)

Germany

India

USA

South Africa

Authoritarian states (20th century)

Case study: Fidel Castro

Case study: Vladimir Lenin

Case study: Joseph Stalin

Case study: Mao Zedong

Case study: Benito Mussolini

Case study: Adolf Hitler

Causes and effects of 20th-century wars

Interstate Wars

Civil Wars

Guerrilla Wars

Rivalry, Mistrust, and Accord

Impact of Leaders

Impact on Nations

Cold War Crises

Section 1: Monarchies in England and France (1066–1223)

Section 2: Muslims and Jews in Medieval Europe (1095–1492)

Section 3: Late Medieval Political Crises (1300–1487)

Section 4: The Renaissance (c1400–1600)

Section 5: The Age of Exploration and Its Impact (1400–1550)

Section 6: Aspects of the Reformation (c1500–1563)

Section 7: Absolutism and Enlightenment (1650–1800)

Section 8: The French Revolution and Napoleon I (1774–1815)

Section 9: France (1815–1914)

Section 10: Society, Politics & Economy in Britain and Ireland (1815–1914)

Section 11: Italy (1815–1871) and Germany (1815–1890)

Section 12: Imperial Russia, Revolution and the Establishment of the Soviet Union (1855–1924)

Section 13: Europe and the First World War (1871–1918)

Section 14: Inter-war Domestic Developments in European states (1918–1939)

Section 15: Diplomacy in Europe (1919–1945)

Section 16: The Soviet Union and Post-Soviet Russia (1924–2000)

Section 17: Post-War Western and Northern Europe (1945–2000)

Section 18: Post-War Central and Eastern Europe (1945–2000)

Section 1: Indigenous societies and cultures in the Americas (c750–1500)

Section 2: European explorations and conquests in the Americas (c1492–c1600)

Section 3: Colonial government in the New World (1500–1800)

Section 4: Religion in the New World (1500–1800)

Section 5: Slavery and the New World (1500–1800)

Section 6: Independence Movements (1763–1830)

Section 7: Nation-building and Challenges (1780–1870)

Section 8: US Civil War (1840–1877)

Section 9: The Development of Modern Nations (1865–1929)

Section 10: Emergence of the Americas in global affairs (1880–1929)

Section 11: The Mexican Revolution (1884–1940)

Section 12: The Great Depression and the Americas (mid 1920s–1939)

Section 13: The Second World War and the Americas (1933–1945)

Section 14: Political Developments in Latin America (1945–1980)

Section 15: Political developments in the United States (1945–1980) and Canada (1945–1982)

Section 16: The Cold War and the Americas (1945–1981)

Section 17: Civil rights and social movements in the Americas post-1945

Section 18: The Americas (1980–2005)

Paper 3 - History of Africa and the Middle East

Section 1: Trade & Exchange: The Silk Road in the Medieval World

Section 2: Japan in the Age of the Samurai (1180–1333)

Section 3: Exploration, trade and interaction in East Asia & South-East Asia (1405–1700)

Section 4: The Rise & Fall of the Mughal Empire (1526–1712)

Section 5: Colonialism and Nationalism in South-East Asia

Section 6: India, Afghanistan and Burma (1750–1919)

Section 7: Challenges to Traditional East Asian Societies (1700–1868)

Section 8: British Colonialism & Emerging National Identities in Oceania (1788–1919)

Section 9: Early Modernization & Imperial Decline in East Asia (1860–1912)

Section 10: Nationalism & Independence in India (1919–1964)

Section 11: Japan (1912–1990)

Section 12: China and Korea (1910–1950)

Section 13: Impact of the Second World War on South-East Asia

Section 14: The People’s Republic of China (1949–2005)

Section 15: Cold War Conflicts in Asia

Section 16: Developments and Challenges in South Asia after 1947

Section 17: Oceania after the Second World War (1945–2005)

Section 18: Asia (excluding China, Japan and India) (1980–2005)

IB History Entry Into the Second World War Key Definitions

Definition

Anti-Comintern Pact

An agreement signed in November 1936 between Germany and Japan (Italy joined in 1937) opposing the Communist International (Comintern). It signalled the formation of the future Axis alliance and the alignment of revisionist powers against the Soviet Union.

Definition

Autarky

Economic self-sufficiency, where a state aims to produce all goods and resources domestically rather than relying on international trade. Pursued by fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and the USSR.

Definition

Fascism

A far-right, authoritarian political ideology characterised by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and the economy.

Definition

League of Nations

The postwar international organization created to maintain peace and collective security; Brazil was an active early member before withdrawing in 1926.

Definition

Mare Nostrum

Latin for "Our Sea", referring to the Mediterranean. Mussolini used this term to express his ambition to turn the Mediterranean into an Italian-dominated lake, echoing the Roman Empire's control of the region.

Definition

Non-belligerency

A diplomatic status chosen by Italy in September 1939, indicating that while not actively fighting, Italy was not neutral and reserved the right to enter the war. Mussolini preferred this term to "neutrality" to maintain the appearance of an active, deliberate choice.

Definition

Pact of Steel

A full military alliance signed between Italy and Germany on 22 May 1939. It committed both nations to mutual support if either went to war, effectively binding Italy to German foreign policy decisions despite Italy's military unpreparedness.

Definition

Rome-Berlin Axis

A diplomatic agreement signed in October 1936 between Mussolini and Hitler, establishing closer cooperation between fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. It was not a binding military alliance but marked the end of Italy's alignment with Britain and France.

IB History Entry Into the Second World War Key Definitions

Definition

Anti-Comintern Pact

An agreement signed in November 1936 between Germany and Japan (Italy joined in 1937) opposing the Communist International (Comintern). It signalled the formation of the future Axis alliance and the alignment of revisionist powers against the Soviet Union.

Definition

Autarky

Economic self-sufficiency, where a state aims to produce all goods and resources domestically rather than relying on international trade. Pursued by fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and the USSR.

Definition

Fascism

A far-right, authoritarian political ideology characterised by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and the economy.

Definition

League of Nations

The postwar international organization created to maintain peace and collective security; Brazil was an active early member before withdrawing in 1926.

Definition

Mare Nostrum

Latin for "Our Sea", referring to the Mediterranean. Mussolini used this term to express his ambition to turn the Mediterranean into an Italian-dominated lake, echoing the Roman Empire's control of the region.

Definition

Non-belligerency

A diplomatic status chosen by Italy in September 1939, indicating that while not actively fighting, Italy was not neutral and reserved the right to enter the war. Mussolini preferred this term to "neutrality" to maintain the appearance of an active, deliberate choice.

Definition

Pact of Steel

A full military alliance signed between Italy and Germany on 22 May 1939. It committed both nations to mutual support if either went to war, effectively binding Italy to German foreign policy decisions despite Italy's military unpreparedness.

Definition

Rome-Berlin Axis

A diplomatic agreement signed in October 1936 between Mussolini and Hitler, establishing closer cooperation between fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. It was not a binding military alliance but marked the end of Italy's alignment with Britain and France.