Loading subject…
Article 3 (1917)
Constitutional article mandating free, secular, and compulsory education as a foundation of post-revolutionary nation-building.
Bucareli Agreements (1923)
A treaty between Mexico and the U.S. guaranteeing property rights for American investors in exchange for diplomatic recognition of Obregón’s government.
Debt Peonage
A system binding rural workers to landowners through perpetual debt, effectively trapping them in servitude.
Dollar Diplomacy
A U.S. foreign policy strategy promoting economic investment abroad to achieve political influence and stability.
Economic Nationalism
A policy emphasizing domestic production and reduced dependence on foreign trade, especially during global disruptions.
Ejido
Traditional communal land used by Indigenous and peasant communities, dismantled under Díaz’s privatization policies.
Indigenismo
Recognition of Indigenous culture as integral to national identity
Ley de Deslinde (1894)
A land law that privatized communal lands, facilitating elite and foreign control over vast rural areas and worsening inequality.
Manifest Destiny
19th-century U.S. belief that it was destined to expand its influence across North America, often used to justify interventions in Latin America.
Nationalization
When a government takes control of private industries or property, usually to strengthen national sovereignty.
Plan de San Luis Potosí (1910)
Madero’s call to arms against Díaz’s dictatorship, sparking the revolution and emphasizing political, not social, reform.
Plan of Guadalupe (1913)
Carranza’s manifesto rejecting Huerta’s dictatorship and pledging to restore constitutional government under civilian rule.
Porfiriato
The 34-year period (1876–1911) of Porfirio Díaz’s authoritarian rule, marked by economic modernization and severe social inequality.
Rurales
A national rural police force created under Díaz to maintain order, often through coercion and brutality in rural Mexico.
Social mobility
Movement of individuals or groups between social classes.
Soldaderas
Female participants in the Mexican Revolution who served as soldiers, nurses, and support workers, symbolizing women’s active role in national struggle.
Sovereignty
Sovereignty is the supreme authority within a state, granting it the power to govern itself without interference from external forces.
Suffrage
The right to vote in political elections.
Suffrage
The right to vote in political elections.
Tierra y Libertad
Revolutionary slogan symbolizing peasants’ struggle for land ownership and economic autonomy.
Zimmermann Telegram
A secret German message proposing an alliance with Mexico against the U.S.; its interception by Britain inflamed American public opinion and hastened entry into the war.