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Artillery
large-calibre guns used in warfare on land
Autonomy
Ability of regions or communities to manage their own affairs.
Cold War
Political rivalry between the USA and the Soviet Union after WWII
Communism
Political system where the state controls the economy and promotes equality.
Conscription
A government policy that requires eligible citizens to serve in the military, often called a draft.
Coup
a sudden seizure of power by a small group, often from within the government.
Decolonization
The process by which colonies gained independence from European powers after 1945.
Dictatorship
A dictatorship is a form of government where a single person or a small group holds absolute power, with no constitutional limitations or effective political opposition.
Guerrilla Warfare
Strategy of irregular combat and mobility, central to Mao’s revolutionary tactics.
Inflation
General increase in prices and fall in purchasing power.
Infrastructure
The fundamental physical and organizational structures, such as transportation, communication, and energy systems, needed for a society’s economy to function effectively.
Marxism-Leninism
Communist ideology emphasizing class struggle and revolution; Mao later adapted it to focus on peasants rather than industrial workers.
Nationalization
When a government takes control of private industries or property, usually to strengthen national sovereignty.
Nationalization
Government takeover of private industries, expanding state control.
Reparations
payments made for war damage
Subsistence farming
A type of agriculture in which farmers grow enough food to meet the needs of themselves and their families, with little or no surplus for trade or sale.
Viet Minh
Nationalist and Communist-led organization founded in 1941 to fight for Vietnamese independence.