IB Chemistry Study & Revision Notes (SL/HL)

S2.1A Ion formation, ionic bonding & lattice structures

S2.2A Covalent, multiple & coordinate bonds

S2.2B VSEPR shapes, bond polarity & molecular polarity

S2.2C Network solids, intermolecular forces & chromatography

S2.2D Resonance, benzene & expanded octets (HL)

S2.2E Formal charge, sigma/pi bonds & hybridization (HL)

S2.3A Metallic bonding & bond strength

S2.3B Delocalized d-electrons in transition elements (HL)

S2.4A The bonding continuum & bonding triangle

S2.4B Alloys & addition polymers

S2.4C Condensation polymers (HL)

S3.1A Periodic table: periods, groups & blocks

S3.1B Periodic trends across periods & down groups

S3.1C Metallic character & oxidation states

S3.1D Ionization-energy discontinuities & transition elements (HL)

S3.1E Variable oxidation states & coloured complexes (HL)

S3.2A Representing organic compounds & functional groups

S3.2B Homologous series & their trends

S3.2C IUPAC nomenclature & structural isomers

S3.2D Stereoisomers & mass spectrometry (HL)

S3.2E IR spectroscopy & 1H NMR (HL)

S3.2F NMR splitting & combined spectroscopic analysis (HL)

R1.1A Energy transfer; endothermic & exothermic reactions

R1.1B Stability, enthalpy change & standard enthalpy

R1.1.5 Practical considerations

8 minute read

R1.2A Bond enthalpies & Hess's law

R1.2B Enthalpies of combustion & formation (HL)

R1.2C Born–Haber cycles (HL)

R1.3A Complete & incomplete combustion

R1.3B Fossil fuels & biofuels

R1.3C Fuel cells

R1.4A Entropy & Gibbs energy (HL)

R1.4B Spontaneity & ΔG approaching equilibriumz (HL)

R2.1A Chemical equations & mole ratios

R2.1B Limiting reactant, percentage yield & atom economy

R2.2A Rate of reaction & collision theory

R2.2B Factors affecting rate, activation energy & catalysts

R2.2C Reaction mechanisms & energy profiles (HL)

R2.2D Molecularity, rate equations & order of reaction (HL)

R2.2E Rate constant & the Arrhenius equation (HL)

R2.3A Dynamic equilibrium & the equilibrium law (Kc)

R2.3B Magnitude of K & Le Châtelier's principle

R2.3C Reaction quotient Q & equilibrium calculations (HL)

R2.3D Equilibrium constant & Gibbs energy (HL)

R3.1A Brønsted–Lowry acids, bases & conjugate pairs

R3.1B The pH scale & Kw

R3.1C Strong vs weak acids/bases, neutralization & pH curves

R3.1D pOH, Ka, Kb & the Ka·Kb relationship (HL)

R3.1E pH of salt solutions & weak-system pH curves (HL)

R3.1F Acid–base indicators & their selection (HL)

R3.1G Buffer solutions (HL)

R3.2A Oxidation & reduction; half-equations

R3.2B Activity series & reactions of metals with acids

R3.2C Electrochemical cells: anode/cathode & voltaic cells

R3.2D Secondary cells & electrolytic cells

R3.2E Redox of organic functional groups & hydrogenation

R3.2F The hydrogen half-cell & standard cell potential (HL)

R3.2G ΔG°=−nFE° & electrolysis of aqueous solutions (HL)

R3.2H Electroplating (HL)

R3.3 Radicals, homolytic fission & radical substitution of alkanes

R3.4A Nucleophiles & nucleophilic substitution

R3.4B Heterolytic fission, electrophiles & electrophilic addition

R3.4C Lewis acids & bases; coordination bonds & ligands (HL)

R3.4D Nucleophilic substitution: SN1/SN2 & rate factors (HL)

R3.4E Electrophilic addition & carbocation stability (HL)

R3.4F Electrophilic substitution of benzene (HL)