Why Analytical Paragraphs Matter in IB English A
In IB English A: Language & Literature, analytical writing is at the core of every assessment — from Paper 1 commentaries and Paper 2 comparative essays to Higher Level Essays (HLEs) and Individual Oral (IO) scripts.
To achieve top marks, students must not just identify techniques but analyze how and why those techniques shape meaning, tone, and audience response. The PEEL method is a simple yet powerful framework for structuring paragraphs that meet IB criteria for clarity, cohesion, and critical insight.
What Is the PEEL Method? | IB Writing Framework
PEEL stands for:
- P – Point: State your main argument or claim.
- E – Evidence: Support it with a quotation or example from the text.
- E – Explanation: Analyze how the technique works and what it reveals.
- L – Link: Connect the paragraph back to your thesis or the next idea.
This method ensures your writing stays focused, analytical, and logically connected — all essential under Criterion B (Analysis) and Criterion C (Organization) of the IB marking scheme.
Step-by-Step: How to Write a PEEL Paragraph
Step 1: Point – Make a Clear Argument
Start your paragraph with a precise topic sentence that introduces your analytical idea.
- Avoid vague statements like “The author uses imagery.”
- Instead, make it specific: “The author uses natural imagery to symbolize emotional rebirth.”
Example:
“Through fragmented syntax and reflective tone, the narrator conveys the psychological dislocation of war.”
Step 2: Evidence – Support with Quotation or Example
Choose a short, relevant quotation that supports your point. Don’t over-quote — focus on the most powerful words.
- Integrate quotations smoothly: The author’s description of ‘cold silence’ underscores emotional emptiness.
- Avoid dropping quotes without explanation.
Example:
“The repetition of the phrase ‘We are waiting’ emphasizes collective despair and uncertainty.”
Step 3: Explanation – Analyze How and Why
This is the most important step. Go beyond identifying technique — explain its function and effect.
Ask:
- How does this language choice create meaning?
- Why might the author have used this particular technique?
- What emotion or perspective does it evoke in the reader?
Example:
“The repetition mimics the stagnation of time in wartime life, revealing how collective hope deteriorates under prolonged suffering.”
Step 4: Link – Connect Back to Thesis
Finish your paragraph by linking it to your essay’s main argument or transitioning to your next point.
- Summarize the insight gained from your analysis.
- Reinforce how it supports your thesis.
Example:
“Thus, through rhythmic repetition, the author transforms individual experience into a universal reflection on endurance and despair.”
Why the PEEL Method Works in IB English
The PEEL structure keeps essays clear, logical, and examiner-friendly. It ensures:
- Each paragraph focuses on one analytical point.
- Evidence is directly tied to argument.
- The essay flows coherently with thematic progression.
Using PEEL consistently builds confidence and clarity across all IB essay types — especially when analyzing complex texts or comparing global issues.
PEEL in Practice | Example Analytical Paragraph
Thesis: Both authors use imagery to explore the fragility of human identity.
Paragraph (PEEL):
- Point: Adichie uses nature imagery to symbolize identity erosion under colonial pressure.
- Evidence: “The hibiscus petals had turned brown, their scent no longer familiar.”
- Explanation: The fading petals mirror Kambili’s lost sense of cultural belonging, showing how external dominance suppresses self-expression.
- Link: This image of decay connects to the novel’s broader critique of how imposed ideologies fracture individual and national identity.
This paragraph demonstrates focus, depth, and interpretive control — all hallmarks of a Level 7 response.
Common Mistakes When Using PEEL
- Over-describing: Retelling the plot instead of analyzing language.
- Under-explaining: Listing techniques without interpreting effect.
- Skipping the link: Leaving the paragraph disconnected from the essay’s argument.
- Over-quoting: Using long quotations instead of focused evidence.
Tip: Your paragraph should be 80% analysis, 20% quotation.
Adapting PEEL for Different IB Assessments
- Paper 1: Use PEEL for analyzing unseen texts — one paragraph per major stylistic feature.
- Paper 2: Apply PEEL comparatively — each paragraph should discuss how both authors treat a shared theme or technique.
- Higher Level Essay (HLE): Expand PEEL paragraphs with multiple evidence points and deeper theoretical discussion.
- Individual Oral (IO): Use the PEEL logic in spoken form — point, evidence, explanation, link to global issue.
Why PEEL Writing Leads to IB Success
Mastering PEEL helps students develop structured, persuasive analysis — a key expectation across all IB English assessments. It teaches precision, organization, and evaluative thinking, ensuring that every paragraph contributes to a coherent argument.
Through RevisionDojo’s IB English Language & Literature course, students can access PEEL templates, sample essays, and model paragraphs annotated with examiner-style feedback to strengthen analytical writing.
FAQs
What is the PEEL method in IB English A?
A paragraph structure — Point, Evidence, Explanation, Link — used to organize clear analytical writing.
Why is the PEEL method important?
It ensures every paragraph is purposeful, evidence-based, and connected to the essay’s main argument.
Can I use PEEL for all IB English essays?
Yes — it’s flexible and effective across Paper 1, Paper 2, HLE, and even oral commentary preparation.
