Introduction
The IB Extended Essay (EE) is one of the most significant challenges of the Diploma Programme. At up to 4,000 words, it tests your ability to conduct independent research, develop arguments, and present findings in a formal academic style.
A strong EE can boost your overall diploma score, while a weak one can drag you down. Unfortunately, many students lose marks because of avoidable errors. This guide highlights the most common IB Extended Essay mistakes and how to avoid them.
Mistake #1: Choosing a Weak or Overly Broad Topic
Your research question is the foundation of the EE. Many students choose topics that are either too broad to analyze deeply or too vague to answer clearly.
Example of a weak topic:
- “The causes of World War II.” (far too broad)
Better version:
- “To what extent did the Treaty of Versailles contribute to Germany’s economic instability in the 1920s?”
How to avoid this mistake:
- Narrow your scope.
- Ensure the question is measurable, arguable, and researchable.
Mistake #2: Ignoring the Subject Guidelines
Each EE must fit within a specific subject framework. Writing a History EE that drifts into Literature, or a Biology EE that lacks scientific methodology, often leads to lost marks.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Read the official IB subject guide.
- Align your methodology with the subject you’ve chosen.
- Ask your supervisor if your approach matches the subject criteria.
Mistake #3: Weak Structure
Even with strong research, a poorly structured essay is difficult to follow. Common issues include missing introductions, weak arguments, and abrupt conclusions.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Follow the standard structure: Introduction → Body → Conclusion → Works Cited.
- Use subheadings where appropriate.
- Ensure each paragraph connects back to your thesis.
Mistake #4: Over-Reliance on Secondary Sources
Some students rely too heavily on websites or textbooks without engaging critically with the material. This reduces originality and personal engagement.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Use a balance of primary and secondary sources.
- Analyze sources critically instead of summarizing them.
- Show your own argument, not just what others have said.
Mistake #5: Poor Data or Evidence
In science-based EEs, weak experimental design or insufficient data leads to low marks. In humanities-based EEs, vague or unverified evidence undermines credibility.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Collect enough reliable data.
- Cross-check sources for accuracy.
- Include limitations and acknowledge weaknesses in your evidence.
Mistake #6: Ignoring the Formal Presentation
The EE is an academic paper, so sloppy formatting, inconsistent citations, or missing references hurt your score.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Use MLA, APA, or Chicago consistently.
- Include a bibliography and in-text citations.
- Format with proper headings, margins, and page numbers.
Mistake #7: Forgetting the Reflection Sessions
Reflection sessions with your supervisor are part of the EE process. Neglecting them means missing valuable feedback and marks in the viva voce assessment.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Attend all required meetings.
- Use reflections to refine your approach.
- Document your research journey.
Mistake #8: Not Meeting the Word Count
EEs must be a maximum of 4,000 words. Submitting far below the limit shows lack of depth; going over risks penalties.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Plan your essay sections to balance word count.
- Edit ruthlessly to remove unnecessary content.
- Stay concise while maintaining depth.
Mistake #9: Last-Minute Writing
Procrastination leads to rushed essays that lack quality. Many students underestimate how much time the EE requires.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Start early (at least 9–12 months before the deadline).
- Set mini-deadlines for research, drafting, and editing.
- Avoid cramming everything in the final weeks.
Mistake #10: Weak Evaluation and Conclusion
Some students summarize their essay instead of drawing meaningful conclusions. Examiners want evaluation and reflection.
How to avoid this mistake:
- Link your findings back to the research question.
- Discuss implications, limitations, and further research.
- End with a strong, evidence-based conclusion.
FAQs About IB Extended Essay Mistakes
1. Can I change my topic after starting?
Yes, but it’s better to refine your research question early to avoid wasted effort.
2. How many sources should I use?
Quality matters more than quantity, but most strong EEs use at least 10–15 credible sources.
3. Do I lose marks if my experiment fails?
No. As long as you analyze limitations and reflect critically, you can still score well.
4. Should I include personal opinions?
Only if they are supported by evidence. Avoid unsubstantiated claims.
5. Is language style important?
Yes. Clear, academic language helps examiners follow your argument and improves readability.
Conclusion
The IB Extended Essay is a challenging but rewarding opportunity to conduct independent research. By avoiding common mistakes — weak topics, poor structure, lack of evaluation, and sloppy formatting — you can produce a paper that reflects both your academic ability and personal engagement.
Remember: examiners don’t expect perfection, but they do expect clarity, originality, and discipline.
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