What Is IB Math? An Overview of the Group 5 Subject
The IB Mathematics Diploma Programme (DP) is a cornerstone of the Group 5 subject group, aimed at developing students' mathematical knowledge, reasoning, and application skills. Whether you're future-bound for physics or business, IB Math provides two flexible and rigorous pathways: Analysis and Approaches (AA) and Applications and Interpretation (AI)—each available at Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL).
These two courses are designed to serve different learning styles and career ambitions. With a strong international curriculum and a deep focus on problem-solving, IB Math equips students with tools for university, research, and real-world decision-making.
The Two IB Math Courses: AA vs AI Explained
What Is IB Math: Analysis and Approaches (AA)?
Mathematics: Analysis and Approaches (AA) is designed for students who enjoy developing and applying their mathematical understanding through algebraic and calculus-based reasoning. The course includes:
- Functions and equations
- Trigonometry and geometry
- Probability and statistics
- Calculus
- Proof and vectors (HL only)
Best for: Students pursuing degrees in mathematics, physics, engineering, or computer science.
What Is IB Math: Applications and Interpretation (AI)?
Mathematics: Applications and Interpretation (AI) emphasizes using mathematics in practical, real-world scenarios. This course integrates technology and focuses on:
- Statistical analysis
- Data modeling
- Applied calculus
- Technology use in problem-solving
Best for: Students interested in social sciences, business, biology, and subjects that involve statistical and applied thinking.
Who Should Choose IB Math AA?
- You excel in algebra and enjoy theoretical problem-solving.
- You're interested in STEM fields—like engineering or physics.
- You prefer working through logical, step-by-step calculations.
- You want a solid foundation in proof-based mathematics (especially at HL).
Who Should Choose IB Math AI?
- You enjoy real-life problem contexts like economics or environmental studies.
- You’re more comfortable using calculators and technology in math.
- You prefer interpreting data and building mathematical models.
- You're aiming for university studies in social sciences, business, or life sciences.
Common Features of IB Math Courses
Internal Assessment (IA) – The Math Exploration
Both AA and AI require students to complete an internal assessment—an exploration of a mathematical topic of personal interest. It encourages independent research and real-world application.
Use of Technology and Calculators
Calculators are:
- Optional or restricted in AA SL/HL (Paper 1: no calculator)
- Mandatory throughout in AI SL/HL (used in all papers)
IB Math SL vs HL: What’s the Difference?
Understanding the distinction between Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL) in IB Math is essential for selecting the course that aligns with your academic goals and university plans.
- Teaching Hours:
- SL: Approximately 150 teaching hours
- HL: Approximately 240 teaching hours
- Paper 3 (Extended Assessment):
- SL: Not included
- HL: Included (required for HL students; focuses on extended problem-solving)
- Depth of Content:
- SL: Covers the core syllabus only
- HL: Includes core plus additional topics, such as proof and vectors (AA HL)
- Internal Assessment (IA) Weight:
- SL: 20% of the final grade
- HL: 20% of the final grade
- Best Suited For:
- SL: Students aiming for general university prerequisites or humanities-related degrees
- HL: Students targeting STEM-related programs, competitive science degrees, or mathematics-intensive fields
Detailed Comparison: AA vs AI
The two math pathways—Analysis & Approaches (AA) and Applications & Interpretation (AI)—serve different academic needs. Here’s a side-by-side breakdown of their curricular emphases:
Curriculum and Topics
- Algebra and Functions:
- AA: Strong emphasis on symbolic manipulation, transformations, and abstract modeling
- AI: Moderate emphasis with more focus on real-world function modeling
- Geometry and Trigonometry:
- AA: Explored in-depth with theoretical and algebraic approaches
- AI: Taught in context, focusing on geometry in applied scenarios
- Statistics and Probability:
- AA: Limited coverage with theoretical framing
- AI: Extensive use of statistics, data analysis, and probabilistic models in real-life applications
- Calculus:
- AA: Deep and theoretical, covering derivations and symbolic manipulation
- AI: Applied focus—interpreting graphs, rates of change, and optimization in practical contexts
- Proofs and Vectors (HL Only):
- AA: Included in HL with an emphasis on abstract reasoning, vector operations, and formal proof
- AI: Not included in HL; instead, more modeling and real-data projects are emphasized
Internal Assessment Scoring Criteria
- Presentation and structure
- Mathematical content and understanding
- Personal engagement
- Reflection and analysis
IB Math Resources and Revision Tools
Using AI Tools Like RevisionDojo for Smart Preparation
Try the RevisionDojo IB Grade Predictor to track your performance in IB Math. You can also:
- Explore topic reviews
- Practice math explorations
- Get instant feedback on your IA ideas
📍 Visit: revisiondojo.com
FAQs About IB Math
Q1: Can I switch from AI to AA mid-course?
It depends on your school’s policy and how far into the program you are. Speak to your IB coordinator early.
Q2: Which is harder, AA or AI?
AA HL is generally considered more abstract and demanding. AI HL focuses more on applications and modeling.
Q3: Which IB Math course is better for business?
AI SL or HL is better aligned with business, finance, and statistics-based university degrees.
Q4: Are both courses accepted by universities?
Yes, but competitive STEM programs often prefer AA HL. Always check university prerequisites.
Q5: What’s the passing score for IB Math?
You need at least a 4 out of 7 in IB Math to count toward the diploma, although many universities require higher.
Q6: Can I use a calculator in all exams?
No. In AA Paper 1, calculator use is prohibited. In AI, calculators are allowed on all papers.
Final Thoughts: Choosing the Right IB Math Pathway
Whether you're drawn to abstract theory or real-world data, IB Math AA and AI provide rigorous, versatile paths for success. Choose based on your interests, strengths, and academic goals—not just what seems easiest. Use the tools and platforms like RevisionDojo to stay ahead.
🎯 Take control of your IB Math success—analyze your strengths, model your future, and calculate your way to excellence.
