Global flows of people are a key feature of globalisation and an important focus in IB Geography, particularly within the Power, Places and Networks unit. These flows include migration for work, education, safety, and lifestyle reasons. Movement of people across borders has major economic, social, and political impacts on both source and destination regions.

One of the most significant impacts of global flows of people is on economic development. Many migrants move from low- and middle-income countries to higher-income countries in search of employment. Migrants often fill labour shortages in sectors such as healthcare, construction, agriculture, and services. This supports economic growth in destination countries and helps maintain productivity, especially where ageing populations are reducing the size of the workforce.

Global migration also benefits source countries through remittances. Migrants frequently send money back to family members, providing income that supports education, healthcare, housing, and small businesses. In some countries, remittances make up a significant share of national income and contribute to poverty reduction and development. However, reliance on remittances can also create economic dependency.

Flows of people influence population structures. Destination countries often experience population growth, increased cultural diversity, and a younger workforce. Source countries may experience population decline or ageing if large numbers of young adults migrate. This can reduce pressure on employment in some regions but create labour shortages and skill gaps in others.

Global flows of people also shape cultural and social patterns. Migration increases cultural diversity in cities and countries, contributing to multicultural societies. Migrants bring languages, traditions, and ideas that enrich cultural life and encourage innovation. At the same time, rapid migration can create challenges related to integration, social cohesion, and access to services if poorly managed.

In IB Geography, it is important to recognise the political significance of migration. Governments must balance economic needs with public opinion, border control, and social integration policies. Migration can influence elections, international relations, and national identity debates. Refugee movements caused by conflict, climate change, or disasters further increase the complexity of global population flows.

Overall, global flows of people are a powerful driver of change in the modern world. They shape labour markets, development patterns, cultural identities, and political relationships. Their significance continues to grow as global connectivity increases.

RevisionDojo helps IB Geography students understand migration clearly by linking global flows of people to power, development, and exam-style evaluation.