Computer networks do not function without network devices. In IB Computer Science, students are expected to understand what key network devices do, how they differ from each other, and where they are used within a network.
Three of the most important devices are routers, switches, and modems. These are often confused in exams, so precise explanations are essential.
Why Network Devices Are Needed
Network devices exist to:
- Connect devices together
- Control data flow
- Direct data to the correct destination
- Enable communication between different networks
Each device has a specific role. They are not interchangeable.
What Is a Switch?
A switch is a device used within a local area network (LAN).
Its main function is to:
- Connect multiple devices on the same network
- Forward data to the correct device
Key characteristics of switches:
- Operate inside a LAN
- Use MAC addresses to identify devices
- Reduce unnecessary network traffic
When a device sends data, the switch:
- Receives the data
- Checks the destination MAC address
- Sends the data only to the intended device
This makes switches more efficient than older hub-based networks.
In IB exams, switches are associated with:
