Solved: The image shows the wings of an insect, bird and bat.... [IB Biology]

Solved: The image shows the wings of an insect, bird and bat.... [IB Biology] | RevisionDojo

This question is one of many practice questions available on RevisionDojo for IB Biology.

With access to over 35,000 IB questions across subjects, detailed study notes, and instant step-by-step solutions powered by Jojo AI, RevisionDojo helps you prepare smarter for exams.

Explore full question banks for IB Biology and other IB subjects. Get personalized explanations and Jojo powered AI-guided study help. Track your progress and focus on the topics that matter most.

Question

SLPaper 2

The image shows the wings of an insect, bird and bat.

Based on their structure, the insect and bat wings are analogous. Outline what is meant by an analogous trait.

[2]

Verified

Solution

Analogous traits have a different evolutionary history/ancestry; 1 mark
Different structures are adaptations for flight; 1 mark
Selective pressure leads to a similar solution to the problem of flying; 1 mark

Cladistics and other evolutionary evidence suggest that mammals and birds have a more recent common ancestor than mammals and amphibians. Draw a cladogram to show the relationships between mammals, birds and amphibians.

[1]

Verified

Solution

What is important is that the proper relationships are shown not the style used.

The bird and bat wings share homologous bone structures whereas the insect wing does not. Outline the conclusion that can be drawn about the evolution of these wings, based on homologous structures.

[1]

Verified

Solution

Bird and bat share a more recent common ancestor (than the insect); 1 mark
Bird and bat are more closely related than insect and bat / insect and bird; 1 mark
Bird and bat wings evolved from a common ancestor (by natural selection); 1 mark

Explain how cladistics can be used to investigate evolutionary relationships.

[2]

Verified

Solution

(Cladistics) shows evolutionary relationships through a common ancestor; 1 mark
Cladistics uses DNA/protein/derived/shared anatomical characteristics/traits; 1 mark
Time of divergence is related to the number of differences in DNA (base sequence) / protein (sequence of amino acids); 1 mark
Homologous (versus analogous) traits are used to place an organism in a clade; 1 mark
More shared characteristics mean a more recent common ancestor; 1 mark

Biology International Baccalaureate (IB) Practice Question: The image shows the wings of an insect, bird and bat. 1. Based on their structure, the insect and bat wings are analogo...