The Free Response Questions (FRQs) on the AP Biology exam make up half of your total score. They test not just your knowledge of biology, but your ability to analyze data, explain processes, and design experiments in clear, concise writing.
This guide covers FRQ format, scoring criteria, and proven strategies — plus how RevisionDojo can help you master this section with confidence.
AP Biology FRQ Format
The FRQ section lasts 90 minutes and consists of:
- 2 Long FRQs
- 1 experimental design question
- 1 question requiring conceptual application
- 4 Short FRQs
- May include graph interpretation, calculations, and process explanations
Scoring Criteria for FRQs
The College Board uses specific rubrics that award points for:
- Direct Answers — Addressing the question exactly as asked
- Evidence — Providing correct data, examples, or calculations
- Reasoning — Explaining why the evidence supports your answer
- Completeness — Answering every part of a multi-part question
Top Strategies for AP Biology FRQs
- Read the Question Carefully
Underline keywords and action verbs (describe, explain, justify). - Plan Before You Write
Jot down bullet points so your answer stays focused. - Be Concise but Complete
Quality over length — every sentence should earn points. - Use Labels & Units in Graphs
Many students lose points for incomplete diagrams. - Integrate Biological Vocabulary Naturally
Use correct terms, but avoid jargon overload. - Answer in the Order Asked
Makes it easier for graders to award points.
Common FRQ Mistakes to Avoid
- Writing essays when bullet points would be more efficient
- Forgetting to reference the given data in the question
- Providing vague answers without evidence
- Ignoring experimental controls when designing experiments
FRQ Practice Example
Question:
A scientist is studying the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis rates in Elodea plants. Design an experiment to test the relationship between light intensity and the rate of photosynthesis.
High-Scoring Approach:
- Hypothesis: As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis will increase until a saturation point is reached.
- Variables: Independent — light intensity; Dependent — oxygen bubble production rate; Controlled — temperature, plant species, CO₂ concentration.
- Procedure: Use a light source at varying distances, measure oxygen production in 5-minute intervals.
- Expected Results: A graph showing a rise in photosynthesis rate until a plateau is reached.
How RevisionDojo Helps You Crush AP Bio FRQs
RevisionDojo offers:
- FRQ Question Banks with past College Board questions
- Sample High-Scoring Answers with rubric explanations
- Timed FRQ Practice Tools
- Feedback Checklists so you know where points are gained or lost
And after you’ve nailed the FRQ:
- University Match Quiz — See which colleges reward your AP Bio score.
- Universities Directory — Find credit policies and admissions info.
FAQ – AP Biology FRQ
1. How many points are FRQs worth?
They make up 50% of the total exam score.
2. Should I write in full sentences?
Yes for explanations, but bullet points are fine if they’re complete and clear.
3. Can I draw diagrams?
Yes, and they often earn points if labeled correctly.
4. How do I practice for the experimental design question?
Review AP labs and practice writing procedures with controls and variables.
5. Should I skip questions if I’m unsure?
No — attempt every part; partial credit is common.
6. How long should I spend on each FRQ?
20–25 minutes for long FRQs, 8–10 minutes for short FRQs.
Master the FRQ with RevisionDojo
Strong FRQ answers separate top scorers from the rest.
🎯 Take the University Match Quiz to find out where your AP Bio score pays off.
🌍 Browse the Universities Directory for AP credit details worldwide.
