Introduction to the IB Programme
The International Baccalaureate (IB) is a globally recognized education system designed to develop inquiring, knowledgeable, and caring young individuals. It emphasizes intellectual rigor, intercultural understanding, and holistic education. Known for its academic challenge, the IB aims to prepare students for success at university and life beyond.
Founded in 1968, the IB now serves students across over 5,000 schools in 150+ countries. The programme has earned high regard from top universities for its balanced curriculum and rigorous assessment structure.
Overview of the IB Diploma Programme (DP)
The IB Diploma Programme (DP) is a two-year educational programme for students aged 16–19. It's structured around:
- Six Subject Groups: Students choose one subject from each group, with three at Higher Level (HL) and three at Standard Level (SL).
- Core Components:
- Theory of Knowledge (TOK)
- Extended Essay (EE)
- Creativity, Activity, Service (CAS)
Together, these elements encourage breadth and depth of learning and foster independent research, reflective thinking, and active engagement.
How the IB Scoring System Works
Each student receives a score based on six subjects and three core components. Here's the breakdown:
- Subject Scores: Each subject is graded from 1 (lowest) to 7 (highest).
- Maximum from subjects: 6 × 7 = 42 points
- Core Points: A maximum of 3 bonus points can be awarded based on performance in TOK and EE.
- Total Maximum Score: 45 points
To pass the IB Diploma, a student must earn at least 24 points, while meeting other criteria.
IB Subject Grades Explained
The IB uses a criterion-referenced grading system, meaning students are evaluated against pre-set standards rather than against one another. The scale is:
- 7 – Excellent performance
- 6 – Very good
- 5 – Good
- 4 – Satisfactory
- 3 – Mediocre
- 2 – Poor
- 1 – Very poor
Both SL and HL subjects use the same scale, although HL assessments are typically more challenging and require more depth.
Core Components and Bonus Points
The Core is central to the IB philosophy and offers up to 3 additional points:
Theory of Knowledge (TOK)
A reflective course exploring the nature of knowledge across disciplines.
Extended Essay (EE)
A 4,000-word independent research paper on a subject of the student’s choice.
CAS (Creativity, Activity, Service)
Non-point-based but mandatory. Encourages students to engage with their communities through artistic, physical, and social service experiences.
Minimum Requirements to Pass
To be awarded the IB Diploma, a student must:
- Earn at least 24 points in total.
- Complete all CAS requirements.
- Not score a grade 1 in any subject.
- Not score more than two grades of 2.
- Not have four or more subjects below grade 4.
- Must not receive an E in both TOK and EE.
These ensure academic balance and discourage minimum-effort passing.
Understanding Grade Boundaries
Grade boundaries determine what raw score corresponds to each grade (1–7). They're recalculated each year to ensure fairness based on exam difficulty and student performance.
Typical grade boundaries (can vary):
96–100% → Grade 7
91–95% → Grade 6
81–90% → Grade 5
70–80% → Grade 4
60–69% → Grade 3
50–59% → Grade 2
Below 50% → Grade 1
Subject-Wise Grade Boundary Trends
Each subject has different difficulty levels, influencing grade boundaries. For example:
- Math HL often has lower boundaries for a 7 due to complexity.
- Language A and Group 3 subjects typically have more generous boundaries.
- Sciences vary significantly between HL and SL.
Tracking trends helps students estimate needed scores.
How Core Points Are Awarded
The EE and TOK are each graded from A to E, and their combination yields up to 3 bonus points. A failure in either automatically disqualifies the diploma.
Success in both can push you from 42 to a perfect 45—a rare but celebrated achievement.
What Counts as a Failing Condition?
Failing the diploma can occur due to:
- Scoring less than 24 points total
- Receiving a grade 1 in any subject
- Having more than two grade 2s
- E grade in both TOK and EE
- Not submitting key components (e.g., EE, Internal Assessments)
These conditions are meant to uphold the integrity of the diploma.
What is a Bilingual Diploma?
Awarded to students who:
- Take two Language A subjects
- OR take one Language A and another subject in a different language
It shows linguistic fluency and is highly valued in global university applications.
Global Trends in IB Scores
Recent years show:
- Global Average Score: ~30.2 points
- Perfect Scores: ~1.5% of candidates achieve 45
- Top Regions: Singapore, India, and some international schools in Europe often outperform the global average.
(Source: ibo.org)
Interpreting Your IB Results
When results are released in early July, you’ll receive:
- Subject Grades
- Total Score
- Bonus Points
- Diploma Status (Awarded/Not Awarded)
Universities receive predicted and final results via official channels.
Tips to Maximize IB Scores
- Start Early with Core: TOK and EE take time—draft early!
- Understand Mark Schemes: Know what examiners look for.
- Use Past Papers: Practice under timed conditions.
- Plan CAS Logically: Combine creativity and service projects for efficiency.
- Maintain Balance: Don’t burn out—manage time effectively.
Common Misconceptions about IB Grading
- “SL is easier than HL” – Not really. SL is shorter, but just as rigorous in grading.
- “Nobody scores 45” – While rare, many students do.
- “You can skip CAS” – No. Without CAS, no diploma.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: What is the highest possible IB score?
A: 45 points – 42 from subjects and 3 from the core (TOK + EE).
Q2: Do universities prefer HL subjects?
A: Yes, especially for subject-related majors. They show depth of understanding.
Q3: Can I retake IB exams?
A: Yes, students can retake in the next session, usually November or May.
Q4: What happens if I fail CAS?
A: You won’t receive the diploma, even if your academic score is 45.
Q5: Is 24 points enough for university?
A: It meets the diploma threshold, but top universities usually expect 34+.
Q6: How are internal assessments (IAs) graded?
A: Graded by teachers and moderated externally to ensure consistency.
Conclusion
The IB scoring system is a robust framework that rewards consistency, depth, and effort. Understanding how scores are calculated—from subject grades to core components—can give students a strategic edge. With dedication, smart planning, and clarity, scoring high in the IB is well within reach.
