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Longitudinal wave
A wave in which the oscillations of the medium are parallel to the direction the wave travels.
Medium
The medium is the material through which a wave travels.
Transverse wave
A wave in which the oscillations of the medium are perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction the wave travels.
Wave
A travelling disturbance/oscillation that transfers energy (and information) through space or a medium without a net transfer of matter.