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    A horizontal rigid bar of length $2 R$ is pivoted at its center and is free to rotate in a horizontal plane around a vertical axis passing through the pivot. A point mass $M$ is fixed to one end of the bar, while a container is attached to the opposite end. A separate point mass of $M / 3$ approaches perpendicularly to the bar with velocity $v$, collides with the container, and becomes embedded in it. As a result, the entire system begins to rotate about the vertical axis. The masses of the bar and container are considered negligible.

    Question
    HLPaper 2

    A horizontal rigid bar of length 2R2 R2R is pivoted at its center and is free to rotate in a horizontal plane around a vertical axis passing through the pivot. A point mass MMM is fixed to one end of the bar, while a container is attached to the opposite end. A separate point mass of M/3M / 3M/3 approaches perpendicularly to the bar with velocity vvv, collides with the container, and becomes embedded in it. As a result, the entire system begins to rotate about the vertical axis. The masses of the bar and container are considered negligible.

    1.

    Write down an expression, in terms of MMM, vvv and RRR, for the angular momentum of the system about the vertical axis just before the collision.

    [1]
    Verified
    Solution

    M3vR\frac{M}{3} v R 3M​vR 1 mark

    2.

    Just after the collision the system begins to rotate about the vertical axis with angular velocity ωωω. Show that the angular momentum of the system is equal to 4/3MR2ω4/3 MR^2ω4/3MR2ω.

    [1]
    Verified
    Solution

    evidence of use of: L=Iω=(MR2+M3R2)ωL=I \omega=(M R^{2}+\frac{M}{3} R^{2}) \omegaL=Iω=(MR2+3M​R2)ω 1 mark

    3.

    Hence, show that ω=v/(4R)ω = v/(4R)ω=v/(4R).

    [1]
    Verified
    Solution

    evidence of use of conservation of angular momentum, MvR3=43MR2ω\frac{M v R}{3}=\frac{4}{3} M R^{2} \omega3MvR​=34​MR2ω 1 mark

    «rearranging to get ω=v4R\omega=\frac{v}{4 R}ω=4Rv​ »

    4.

    Determine in terms of MMM and vvv the energy lost during the collision.

    [3]
    Verified
    Solution

    initial KE=Mv26KE=\frac{M v^{2}}{6}KE=6Mv2​ 1 mark

    final KE=Mv224KE=\frac{M v^{2}}{24}KE=24Mv2​ 1 mark

    energy loss =Mv28=\frac{M v^{2}}{8}=8Mv2​ 1 mark

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    5.

    A torque of 0.010 Nm0.010 \, Nm0.010Nm brings the system to rest after a number of revolutions. For this case R=0.50 mR = 0.50 \, mR=0.50m, M=0.70 kgM = 0.70 \, kgM=0.70kg and v=2.1 m s−1v = 2.1 \, m \, s^{-1}v=2.1ms−1. Show that the angular deceleration of the system is 0.043 rad s−20.043 \, \mathrm{rad \, s}^{-2}0.043rads−2.

    [1]
    Verified
    Solution

    α≪=34ΓMR2»=340.010.7×0.52\alpha \ll=\frac{3}{4} \frac{\Gamma}{M R^{2}} »=\frac{3}{4} \frac{0.01}{0.7 \times 0.5^{2}}α≪=43​MR2Γ​»=43​0.7×0.520.01​ 1 mark

    «to give α=0.04286\alpha=0.04286α=0.04286 rads−2^{-2}−2 »

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    6.

    Calculate the number of revolutions made by the system before it comes to rest.

    [3]
    Verified
    Solution

    θ=ωi22α\theta=\frac{\omega_{i}^{2}}{2 \alpha}θ=2αωi2​​ «from ωf2=ωi2+2αθ»\omega_{f}^{2}=\omega_{i}^{2}+2 \alpha \theta » ωf2​=ωi2​+2αθ» 1 mark

    θ≪=v232R2α=2.1232×0.52×0.043»=12.8\theta \ll=\frac{v^{2}}{32 R^{2} \alpha}=\frac{2.1^{2}}{32 \times 0.5^{2} \times 0.043} »=12.8θ≪=32R2αv2​=32×0.52×0.0432.12​»=12.8 OR 12.9 «rad» 1 mark

    number of rotations «= 12.92π»=2.0\frac{12.9}{2 \pi} »=2.02π12.9​»=2.0 revolutions 1 mark

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