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Civil War
A sustained armed conflict within one political entity, in which organized groups compete for control of the state, territory, or the rules of government.
Independence Movement
A political and/or military campaign in which a group seeks to end the authority of a larger state or empire over a territory, and to create self-rule (autonomy or a new sovereign state).
Legitimacy
The belief that a ruler or government has the right to rule, often grounded in law, religion, tradition, or popular acceptance.
Rebellion
An organized challenge to authority, usually directed at a ruler or government, which may seek reforms, replacement of leaders, or changes in policy (not necessarily separation).
Semi-Autonomous Region
A territory that remains formally within an empire but governs many of its own affairs, often with its own military and taxation, due to distance or weakness of central control.