IB Sports, exercise and health science C.1.1 Personality Questionbank

(c) Using the figure, identify one trait on which the goalkeeper scores higher than the runner, and one trait on which the runner scores higher than the goalkeeper.

(d) Outline what is meant by the trait conscientiousness.

(e) Explain why the runner's high conscientiousness may suit long-distance running.

(f) Explain why the same Big Five profile may not predict success across different sports.

Over a 10-year career, an elite swimmer becomes more confident and resilient primarily due to repeated reinforcement and modelling within the sport environment. This change in personality is best explained by:

A marathon runner gradually develops mental toughness after years of competition. Which personality concept best explains this development?

A basketball player is known for being calm under pressure during free throws. Which option best describes personality as shown by this behaviour?

According to social learning theory, athletes acquire behaviours by observing others. In a study, new players watched a senior player perform a warm-up routine. The figure shows the percentage of new players who copied the routine, grouped by how highly they regarded the senior player.

Figure: Percentage of players replicating a behaviour against regard for the role model.

(a) Using the figure, state the percentage of players who copied the behaviour when regard for the role model was high.

(b) Using the figure, describe the relationship between regard for the role model and replication of the behaviour.

(c) Outline how behaviours are acquired according to social learning theory.

(d) Explain why a coach should pair a new player with a highly respected senior teammate.

(e) Social learning theory is a situational approach. Distinguish it from the trait approach to personality.

Genetic inheritance

Social learning theory

Cognitive dissonance

Trait theory (personality is stable over time)

Trait stability

Long-term personality change

Learned behaviour through social reinforcement

Temporary situational state (state anxiety/arousal)

A stable characteristic pattern of behaving

Environmental influence

A short-term mood state

Social learning theory