Practice IB Sports, exercise and health science (SEHS) Topic B.1 Generating Movement in the Body with authentic exam-style questions for both SL and HL students. This question bank focuses on the exact syllabus content for B.1 Generating Movement in the Body and mirrors Paper 1A, 1B, 2 style where relevant.
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What is the functional trade-off of the third-class lever system shown in this biceps curl?
What type of joint is shown in the image?
What is the main mechanical advantage of the lever system shown in the image?
Cardiac troponin (cTn) is a key protein involved in the regulation of muscular contraction in cardiac muscle, through interaction with actin, tropomyosin, and calcium ions during the sliding filament mechanism. This study evaluated the effect of endurance exercise (marathon running) on cTn release in 151 athletes using serological data. Figure A shows the time course of exercise-induced cTn concentration changes. Figure B displays individual post-marathon cTnI levels relative to the upper reference limit (URL) for normal.
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.056208
(a) Refer to Figure A. At what time interval is peak cTn concentration observed post-exercise?
(b) Refer to Figure B. the percentage of individuals who had post-marathon cTn concentrations above the normal URL.
(c) Cardiac troponin is part of the regulatory system in cardiac muscle contraction. the role of troponin in the sliding filament mechanism.
(d) Given that cTn concentrations return to normal within 72 hours, whether this pattern supports a physiological rather than pathological role for cTn release in endurance athletes.
The table below shows the primary joint actions of three muscles in the human body.
| Muscle | Primary Joint Action |
|---|---|
| Pectoralis major | Shoulder adduction |
| Triceps brachii | Elbow extension |
| X | Dorsiflexion |
Which muscle is represented by X in the table?
It provides a mechanical advantage, reducing the muscular force required
It allows greater range and speed of motion at the cost of force efficiency
It minimizes joint strain by placing the load directly over the fulcrum
It maximizes the torque created by the weight with minimal muscular effort
Hinge joint
Ball and socket joint
Saddle joint
Pivot joint
