IB Biology Topic D4.3 Climate Change Revision Notes…

Upwelling feeds the ocean, and climate change is shutting it down

Upwelling acts like an underwater conveyor belt, moving nutrients from the deep ocean up to the sunlit surface where life can use them.

Climate change is disrupting this system, with profound consequences for ocean ecosystems.

Upwelling brings deep, nutrient-rich water to the surface

Definition

Upwelling

The movement of deep, cold, nutrient-rich water to the surface, usually driven by wind and ocean currents.

Upwelling is the process where deep, cold, nutrient-rich water rises to the ocean's surface.
1. Winds push surface water away from the coast.
2. Deeper water rises to replace the displaced surface water, carrying nutrients up with it.

Example

The west coast of South America is famous for upwelling, feeding the phytoplankton that form the base of a rich fishery.

Warming and shifting winds are choking off upwelling

Upwelling feeds the ocean, and climate change is shutting it down

Upwelling acts like an underwater conveyor belt, moving nutrients from the deep ocean up to the sunlit surface where life can use them.

Climate change is disrupting this system, with profound consequences for ocean ecosystems.

Upwelling brings deep, nutrient-rich water to the surface

Definition

Upwelling

The movement of deep, cold, nutrient-rich water to the surface, usually driven by wind and ocean currents.

Upwelling is the process where deep, cold, nutrient-rich water rises to the ocean's surface.
1. Winds push surface water away from the coast.
2. Deeper water rises to replace the displaced surface water, carrying nutrients up with it.

Example

The west coast of South America is famous for upwelling, feeding the phytoplankton that form the base of a rich fishery.

D4.3B Ocean currents, range shifts, coral reefs and habitat restoration

D4.3B Ocean currents, range shifts, coral reefs and habitat restoration

Subtopics and learning objectives

D4.3.5 Changes in ocean currents altering the timing and extent of nutrient upwelling

Upwelling feeds the ocean, and climate change is shutting it down

Upwelling brings deep, nutrient-rich water to the surface

Warming and shifting winds are choking off upwelling

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Upwelling feeds the ocean, and climate change is shutting it down

Upwelling brings deep, nutrient-rich water to the surface

Warming and shifting winds are choking off upwelling

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity

B - Form and Function

C - Interaction and Interdependence

D - Continuity and Change

A - Unity and Diversity

B - Form and Function

C - Interaction and Interdependence

D - Continuity and Change

D4.3B Ocean currents, range shifts, coral reefs and habitat restoration

D4.3B Ocean currents, range shifts, coral reefs and habitat restoration

Subtopics and learning objectives

D4.3.5 Changes in ocean currents altering the timing and extent of nutrient upwelling

D4.3.6 Poleward and upslope range shifts of temperate species

D4.3.7 Threats to coral reefs as an example of potential ecosystem collapse

D4.3.8 Afforestation, forest regeneration and restoration of peat-forming wetlands

D4.3.5 Changes in ocean currents altering the timing and extent of nutrient upwelling

Upwelling feeds the ocean, and climate change is shutting it down

Upwelling brings deep, nutrient-rich water to the surface

Warming and shifting winds are choking off upwelling

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Upwelling feeds the ocean, and climate change is shutting it down

Upwelling brings deep, nutrient-rich water to the surface

Warming and shifting winds are choking off upwelling

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account