IB Biology Topic C1.1.11 Intracellular and Extracellular Enzyme-catalysed Reactions Revision Notes (HL)

IB Biology Topic C1.1.11 Intracellular and Extracellular Enzyme-catalysed Reactions Revision Notes (HL) | RevisionDojo

Written by official IB examiners

Enzymes Work Either Inside the Cell or Outside It

Enzymes catalyse the reactions of metabolism, the sum of all chemical reactions in a living organism.
Intracellular enzymes act inside the same cell that made them.
Extracellular enzymes are secreted by the cell and act outside it.

Definition

Intracellular enzymes

Intracellular enzymes operate within cells, driving critical metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.

Definition

Extracellular enzymes

Extracellular enzymes work outside cells to break down large molecules into smaller, absorbable units.

Intracellular Enzymes: Reactions That Stay Inside the Cell

Most metabolic reactions happen inside the cell, catalysed by enzymes the cell keeps for its own use.
Different reactions are located in different parts of the cell, which keeps pathways organised.

Definition

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate, releasing energy in the form of ATP.

Glycolysis in the cytoplasm
1. A series of enzymes in the cytoplasm break glucose down into pyruvate.
2. For example, hexokinase catalyses the first step, and all its enzymes stay inside the cell.

Nice try, unfortunately this paywall isn't as easy to bypass as you think. Want to help devleop the site? Join the team at https://revisiondojo.com/join-us. exercitation voluptate cillum ullamco excepteur sint officia do tempor Lorem irure minim Lorem elit id voluptate reprehenderit voluptate laboris in nostrud qui non Lorem nostrud laborum culpa sit occaecat reprehenderit

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Enzymes Work Either Inside the Cell or Outside It

Enzymes catalyse the reactions of metabolism, the sum of all chemical reactions in a living organism.
Intracellular enzymes act inside the same cell that made them.
Extracellular enzymes are secreted by the cell and act outside it.

Definition

Intracellular enzymes

Intracellular enzymes operate within cells, driving critical metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.

Definition

Extracellular enzymes

Extracellular enzymes work outside cells to break down large molecules into smaller, absorbable units.

Intracellular Enzymes: Reactions That Stay Inside the Cell

Most metabolic reactions happen inside the cell, catalysed by enzymes the cell keeps for its own use.
Different reactions are located in different parts of the cell, which keeps pathways organised.

Definition

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate, releasing energy in the form of ATP.

Glycolysis in the cytoplasm
1. A series of enzymes in the cytoplasm break glucose down into pyruvate.
2. For example, hexokinase catalyses the first step, and all its enzymes stay inside the cell.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic C1.1.11: Intracellular and Extracellular Enzyme-catalysed Reactions Notes

Enzymes Work Either Inside the Cell or Outside It

Intracellular Enzymes: Reactions That Stay Inside the Cell

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Enzymes Work Either Inside the Cell or Outside It

Intracellular Enzymes: Reactions That Stay Inside the Cell

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics