IB Biology Topic A3.1.10 Comparison of Genome Sizes Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic A3.1.10 Comparison of Genome Sizes Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Larger Genomes Do Not Necessarily Indicate Greater Biological Complexity

Larger genomes do not necessarily indicate greater biological complexity.
Key contributors to variation include:
1. Non-coding DNA: repetitive sequences, introns, and transposable elements.
2. Polyploidy: whole-genome duplication, especially common in plants.
3. Gene duplication and intron variation: expansion of non-essential DNA regions.

Example

Humans (~3.2 × 10⁹ bp) have a smaller genome than some amphibians or plants (>10¹¹ bp) despite higher organismal complexity.

The C-Value Paradox: Genome Size Does Not Track Complexity

The total amount of DNA in a single copy of a genome is called its C-value.

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Larger Genomes Do Not Necessarily Indicate Greater Biological Complexity

Larger genomes do not necessarily indicate greater biological complexity.
Key contributors to variation include:
1. Non-coding DNA: repetitive sequences, introns, and transposable elements.
2. Polyploidy: whole-genome duplication, especially common in plants.
3. Gene duplication and intron variation: expansion of non-essential DNA regions.

Example

Humans (~3.2 × 10⁹ bp) have a smaller genome than some amphibians or plants (>10¹¹ bp) despite higher organismal complexity.

The C-Value Paradox: Genome Size Does Not Track Complexity

The total amount of DNA in a single copy of a genome is called its C-value.

Definition

Paywall

(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.

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A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic A3.1.10: Comparison of Genome Sizes Notes

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

Larger Genomes Do Not Necessarily Indicate Greater Biological Complexity

The C-Value Paradox: Genome Size Does Not Track Complexity

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

Larger Genomes Do Not Necessarily Indicate Greater Biological Complexity

The C-Value Paradox: Genome Size Does Not Track Complexity

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account