The Extended Essay (EE) is a defining feature of the International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Programme. All Diploma students — regardless of whether they take a subject at Higher Level (HL) or Standard Level (SL) — must complete this 4,000-word independent research project. But while the EE requirements are the same for HL and SL students, the nature of the subject level can influence the complexity, depth, and overall approach to the essay. Let’s explore these key differences so you can make an informed decision about your EE topic.
Introduction: Understanding the Role of the Extended Essay
The EE is designed to foster independent research, critical thinking, and academic writing skills. It gives students the chance to deeply investigate a topic of personal interest within a subject they are studying. The EE is part of the DP core, alongside Theory of Knowledge (TOK) and Creativity, Activity, Service (CAS), and is essential for earning the full Diploma.
What Is the Extended Essay? A Core Component for All Students
No matter your subject combination, the EE is mandatory. Both HL and SL students:
- Complete an essay of up to 4,000 words.
- Follow the same assessment criteria.
- Engage in independent research guided by a supervisor.
- Submit the EE as part of their core IB requirements.
However, the choice of subject and level (HL or SL) can shape how demanding the research is and how easily students can access necessary background knowledge.
HL vs SL: Why Subject Level Matters in EE Topic Selection
Subject depth and its impact on EE complexity
HL subjects generally offer greater content depth and broader coverage. With roughly 240 teaching hours, HL courses equip students with stronger subject knowledge — essential when tackling complex or analytical EE research questions.
Teaching hours and background knowledge
SL subjects, with about 150 teaching hours, provide a solid foundation but cover less material in depth. This can limit the complexity of topics students feel comfortable addressing in an EE, though it doesn’t prevent SL students from producing excellent essays.
Research pathways (traditional vs interdisciplinary)
From 2025, both HL and SL students can select either a traditional subject-focused pathway or an interdisciplinary pathway, offering flexibility and encouraging broader connections across disciplines.
Advantages of Choosing an EE in an HL Subject
Access to deeper resources and support
Choosing an HL subject allows you to draw on richer content knowledge, more advanced concepts, and stronger teacher support.
Enhanced analysis and critical evaluation
With a deeper understanding of the subject, HL students can craft more sophisticated research questions and conduct more rigorous evaluations — key to scoring highly.
Challenges Faced by SL Students in EE Research
Limited content depth and background
SL students may find it harder to tackle highly complex topics due to less extensive subject exposure.
How to overcome SL constraints for a strong EE
SL students can still succeed by:
- Choosing a very focused, well-defined research question.
- Using accessible resources strategically.
- Seeking guidance to refine the scope of their topic.
How to Decide: Should You Align Your EE with an HL or SL Subject?
Key questions to ask yourself
- Do I feel confident in this subject’s content?
- Are there sufficient resources available for my chosen topic?
- Can I formulate an analytical research question?
Balancing interest and feasibility
While HL subjects offer advantages, your passion for the topic is equally important. A highly motivated SL student can still produce an outstanding EE.
Common Misconceptions About HL vs SL EEs
Myth: HL EEs are required or preferred
There is no rule that says you must write your EE in an HL subject. Many SL students have achieved top EE marks.
Myth: SL EEs can’t score high marks
SL EEs can and do achieve A grades. Success depends on the clarity of your research question, depth of analysis, and quality of argument — not the subject level.
Final Tips for Success Regardless of Subject Level
Focus on research question quality
Whether HL or SL, a well-crafted, focused research question is the most important ingredient for EE success.
Plan early and seek supervisor guidance
Start early and involve your supervisor at each stage. Their input can help you shape your ideas and avoid common pitfalls.
FAQs on HL vs SL Extended Essays
1️⃣ Is the word count different for HL and SL EEs?
No, both have the same maximum word count of 4,000 words.
2️⃣ Can I choose an EE topic in a subject I study at SL?
Yes, as long as you can meet the requirements of the EE, including demonstrating critical analysis and independent research.
3️⃣ Do examiners expect more from HL EEs?
While the criteria are the same, HL students often show deeper analysis due to their subject knowledge.
4️⃣ Are SL EEs disadvantaged in any way?
Not if you choose a focused topic and approach it with clear analysis and strong research.
5️⃣ Is it better to choose an HL subject for my EE?
It can help due to deeper content knowledge, but what matters most is your interest and ability to research the topic well.
6️⃣ How can I make an SL EE competitive?
Choose a narrow, analytical research question and use your resources strategically. Strong structure and critical thinking will shine through.
Conclusion: Make an Informed EE Choice
Whether you write your EE in an HL or SL subject, what counts is your ability to research independently, think critically, and express your ideas clearly. Choosing a subject you’re passionate about and planning strategically will set you up for success. Remember: top EE marks are achievable at any level!
