IB Sports, exercise and health science A.3.2.5 Exercise Prescription for Different Target Groups and Conditions Key Definitions

Bone mineral density (BMD) is the amount of mineral (mainly calcium) per unit area of bone, used as the main measure of bone strength.

A form of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy, which can be managed with regular physical activity to maintain healthy blood sugar levels.

Hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.

Intensity refers to the effort or difficulty level of an exercise.

Menopause is the permanent end of menstruation, defined as 12 months after the final menstrual period. It usually occurs naturally between 45 and 55 years, with falling oestrogen and progesterone driving the symptoms.

Metabolic syndrome is the clustering of three or more cardiovascular risk factors in one person: high blood lipids, impaired glucose regulation, abdominal obesity, and hypertension.

A condition characterized by weak and brittle bones due to calcium deficiency.

Postpartum is the period following childbirth during which the body returns toward its pre-pregnancy physiological state, typically the first 6 weeks but with wider effects over months.

Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, often preventable or reduced through regular physical activity.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin.

A chronic condition that affects the way the body metabolizes glucose (sugar), leading to high blood sugar levels.