IB Sports, exercise and health science B.1.2 Structure and Function of Connective Tissues and Joints Key Definitions

An articulation (joint) is the connection between two or more bones that allows varying degrees of movement, depending on its type and structure.

Bone is a dense, hard connective tissue that forms the skeletal structure of the body, playing an essential role in movement, support, and protection of vital organs.

Cartilage is a specialized connective tissue that serves several functions in the body, including providing cushioning, reducing friction, and enabling smooth movement.

Specialised tissue that supports, connects, and separates other tissues and organs

The passive movement of a substance, such as a gas, from an area of higher partial pressure or concentration to an area of lower partial pressure or concentration.

Fascia is fibrous connective tissue that surrounds muscles, organs, and other internal structures, providing support, protection, and enabling flexibility and movement.

Ligaments are connective tissues that play a pivotal role in stabilizing and supporting joints by connecting bone to bone.

Damage to bones, muscles, ligaments, or tendons resulting from repetitive trauma and inadequate healing time.

A freely movable joint with a fluid-filled cavity between the bones, enclosed by an articular capsule and lubricated by synovial fluid.

Tendons are strong bands of fibrous connective tissue that attach muscles to bones, allowing the force produced by muscle contraction to move bones.