IB Biology Topic A3.1 Diversity of Organisms Revision…

The Genome Allows for Genetic Diversity within Species

Definition

Genome

The genome is the complete set of genetic instructions that determines the structure, function, and traits of an organism.

The genome is the instruction manual for building and maintaining an organism, written in the four DNA bases A, T, C, and G.

Unity Within a Species

All members of a species share the same set of genes arranged in the same order on their chromosomes.
This shared structure ensures that organisms can reproduce successfully, allowing homologous chromosomes to pair, align and cross over correctly during meiosis.

Example

All humans have the hemoglobin gene on chromosome 11, regardless of which allele version they inherit.

Tip

Understand that if the chromosomes don't pair correctly, sexual reproduction would fail.

Small Genetic Variations Called SNPs Differentiate Individuals Within a Species

The Genome Allows for Genetic Diversity within Species

Definition

Genome

The genome is the complete set of genetic instructions that determines the structure, function, and traits of an organism.

The genome is the instruction manual for building and maintaining an organism, written in the four DNA bases A, T, C, and G.

Unity Within a Species

All members of a species share the same set of genes arranged in the same order on their chromosomes.
This shared structure ensures that organisms can reproduce successfully, allowing homologous chromosomes to pair, align and cross over correctly during meiosis.

Example

All humans have the hemoglobin gene on chromosome 11, regardless of which allele version they inherit.

Tip

Understand that if the chromosomes don't pair correctly, sexual reproduction would fail.

A3.1C Genomes: unity, diversity, size and whole-genome sequencing

A3.1C Genomes: unity, diversity, size and whole-genome sequencing

Subtopics and learning objectives

A3.1.8 Unity and diversity of genomes within species

The Genome Allows for Genetic Diversity within Species

Unity Within a Species

Small Genetic Variations Called SNPs Differentiate Individuals Within a Species

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The Genome Allows for Genetic Diversity within Species

Unity Within a Species

Small Genetic Variations Called SNPs Differentiate Individuals Within a Species

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity

B - Form and Function

C - Interaction and Interdependence

D - Continuity and Change

A3.1C Genomes: unity, diversity, size and whole-genome sequencing

A - Unity and Diversity

B - Form and Function

C - Interaction and Interdependence

D - Continuity and Change

A3.1C Genomes: unity, diversity, size and whole-genome sequencing

Subtopics and learning objectives

A3.1.8 Unity and diversity of genomes within species

A3.1.9 Diversity of eukaryote genomes

A3.1.10 Comparison of genome sizes

A3.1.11 Current and potential future uses of whole genome sequencing

A3.1.8 Unity and diversity of genomes within species

The Genome Allows for Genetic Diversity within Species

Unity Within a Species

Small Genetic Variations Called SNPs Differentiate Individuals Within a Species

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

The Genome Allows for Genetic Diversity within Species

Unity Within a Species

Small Genetic Variations Called SNPs Differentiate Individuals Within a Species

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account