Notes for A1.2.4 Bases in each nucleic acid that form the basis of a code - IB | RevisionDojo
A1.2.4 Bases in each nucleic acid that form the basis of a code Notes
Written by official IB examiners
Bases in Nucleic Acids That Form the Basis of a Code
DNA and RNA store genetic information using nitrogenous bases that form the basis of the genetic code.
The sequence of these bases encodes instructions for building proteins.
The Four Nitrogenous Bases of DNA
DNA contains four nitrogenous bases:
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
The Four Nitrogenous Bases in RNA
While RNA shares three of its bases with DNA, there is one important difference:
Adenine (A)
Uracil (U) (replaces Thymine in RNA)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Self review
Which four bases are present in DNA, and which four are present in RNA?
Which base in RNA replaces thymine, and how does this affect transcription?
Which bases are purines, and which are pyrimidines?
Unlock the rest of this chapter with aFreeaccount
Nice try, unfortunately this paywall isn't as easy to bypass as you think. Want to help devleop the site? Join the team at https://revisiondojo.com/join-us. exercitation voluptate cillum ullamco excepteur sint officia do tempor Lorem irure minim Lorem elit id voluptate reprehenderit voluptate laboris in nostrud qui non Lorem nostrud laborum culpa sit occaecat reprehenderit
Definition
Paywall
(on a website) an arrangement whereby access is restricted to users who have paid to subscribe to the site.
anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Note
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.
Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident
Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit.
Tip
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum.
End of article
Want a cheatsheet?
View a summary cheatsheet for A1.2 Nucleic acids
Flashcards
Remember key concepts with flashcards
19 flashcards
What are the two categories of nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids?
Lesson
Recap your knowledge with an interactive lesson
9 minute activity
DNA and RNA store genetic information using nitrogenous bases. The order (sequence) of bases acts like a code that can be read to make proteins.
In other words, what matters most is the sequence of bases along the nucleic acid strand, because that sequence is what cells interpret during gene expression.
Definitionnitrogenous baseA nitrogen-containing chemical “letter” in DNA/RNA. The sequence of bases stores information.
These bases are the information-bearing parts of nucleotides, and their sequence is what can be copied and read.
Analogy
Think of bases like letters in a message: changing the order changes the meaning.
Even if you have the same set of letters, rearranging them can create a completely different message—similarly, changing base order can change the protein that gets made.
Note
The “genetic code” is information stored in the base sequence, not in the sugar or phosphate parts of nucleic acids.
The sugar-phosphate backbone mainly provides structure and stability, while the base sequence carries the instructions.
