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1 The Course
1.1 Core theme: Knowledge and the Knower (compulsory)
1.2 Optional theme: Knowledge and Technology
1.3 Optional theme: Knowledge and Language
1.4 Optional theme: Knowledge and Politics
1.5 Optional theme: Knowledge and Religion
1.6 Optional theme: Knowledge and Indigenous Societies
1.7 Area of knowledge: The Natural Sciences
1.8 Area of knowledge: The Human Sciences
1.9 Area of knowledge: History
1.10 Area of knowledge: Mathematics
1.11 Area of knowledge: The Arts
2 The Exhibition
2.1 The exhibition at a glance
2.2 The instrument: one question, one best-fit judgement out of 10
2.3 Choosing a prompt: narrowing 35 to 1
2.4 Objects that work: specific real-world context
2.5 Linking an object to the prompt
2.6 The commentary: 950 words across three objects
2.7 The Year 1 exhibition calendar
2.8 Coaching within the rules: what guidance is allowed
2.9 The exhibition event and the administrative requirements
2.10 Moderation: what the IB does with your marks
2.11 Exemplars with band reasoning
2.12 The 35 IA prompts
3 The Essay
3.1 The essay at a glance
3.2 The instrument: one question, five bands
3.3 What separates 9-10 from 7-8
3.4 Structure without formula
3.5 Examples are evidence, not decoration
3.6 Introductions, definitions, conclusions
3.7 Counter-pressure that does not cancel: four shapes
3.8 Unpacking any title: the method
3.9 The 1,600 words and the formal requirements
3.10 Exemplars with band reasoning
3.11 Practice titles: using the archive
4. May 2027 TOK Titles
4.1 M27 Title 1
4.2 M27 Title 2
4.3 M27 Title 3
4.4 M27 Title 4
4.5 M27 Title 5
4.6 M27 Title 6
1.7.1 What makes a science?
30 minute read
1.7.2 The demarcation problem
31 minute read
1.7.3 Falsifiability and its limits
1.7.4 Observation is not passive
27 minute read
1.7.5 Instruments and mediated observation
28 minute read
1.7.6 Measurement, error and uncertainty
1.7.7 Designing an experiment
26 minute read
1.7.8 Controls, variables and confounds
1.7.9 Induction and the problem it raises
1.7.10 Models: what they are for and where they lie
1.7.11 Theories, laws and explanation
33 minute read
1.7.12 Prediction and its limits
1.7.13 Replication and the replication crisis
1.7.14 Theory change and paradigm shifts
1.7.15 Consensus, dissent and peer review
1.7.16 Ethics in and around the lab
29 minute read
1.7.17 Assessment bridge: the natural sciences in essay titles
1.7 Area of Knowledge: the Natural Sciences