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IB Theory of Knowledge Topic 1.7 Area of Knowledge: the Natural Sciences (SL/HL) covers syllabus content. Use these Notes to review the topic, practise exam questions, and move between notes, videos, flashcards, and lessons where available.
1.7.1 What makes a science?
1.7.2 The demarcation problem
1.7.3 Falsifiability and its limits
1.7.4 Observation is not passive
1.7.5 Instruments and mediated observation
1.7.6 Measurement, error and uncertainty
1.7.7 Designing an experiment
1.7.8 Controls, variables and confounds
1.7.9 Induction and the problem it raises
1.7.10 Models: what they are for and where they lie
1.7.11 Theories, laws and explanation
1.7.12 Prediction and its limits
1.7.13 Replication and the replication crisis
1.7.14 Theory change and paradigm shifts
1.7.15 Consensus, dissent and peer review
1.7.16 Ethics in and around the lab
1.7.17 Assessment bridge: the natural sciences in essay titles