4.2.2. Outline the types of muscle contraction. - IB Questionbank | RevisionDojo

4.1.1. Label a diagram of a motor unit.

4.1.2. Explain the role of neurotransmitters in stimulating skeletal muscle contraction.

4.1.3. Explain how skeletal muscle contracts by the sliding filament theory.

4.1.4. Explain how slow and fast twitch fibre types differ in structure and function.

4.2.1. Outline the types of movement of synovial joints.

4.2.2. Outline the types of muscle contraction.

4.2.3. Explain the concept of reciprocal inhibition.

4.2.4. Analyse movements in relation to joint action and muscle contraction.

4.2.5. Explain delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in relation to eccentric and concentric muscle contractions.

4.3.1. Define the terms force, speed, velocity, displacement, acceleration, momentum and impulse.

4.3.2. Analyse velocity–time, distance–time and force– time graphs of sporting actions.

4.3.3. Define the term centre of mass.

4.3.4. Explain that a change in body position during sporting activities can change the position of the centre of mass.

4.3.5. Distinguish between first, second and third class levers.

4.3.6. Label anatomical representations of levers.

4.3.7. Define Newton’s three laws of motion.

4.3.8. Explain how Newton’s three laws of motion apply to sporting activities.

4.3.9. State the relationship between angular momentum, moment of inertia and angular velocity.

4.3.10. Explain the concept of angular momentum in relation to sporting activities..

4.3.11. Explain the factors that affect projectile motion at take-off or release.

4.3.12. Outline the Bernoulli principle with respect to projectile motion in sporting activities.

4.2.2. Outline the types of muscle contraction. Questionbank

Practice 4.2.2. Outline the types of muscle contraction. with authentic IB Sports, exercise and health science (SEHS - Old) exam questions for both SL and HL students. This question bank mirrors Paper 1, 2, 3 structure, covering key topics like core principles, advanced applications, and practical problem-solving. Get instant solutions, detailed explanations, and build exam confidence with questions in the style of IB examiners.

Paper

Level

Question 1

SLPaper 2

Describe eccentric muscle contraction.

[1]

Construct a diagram showing a closed loop motor program.

[2]

Describe concentric muscle contraction.

[1]

Explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction.

[3]

Question 2

SLPaper 1

What type of muscle contraction takes place in the skier's quadriceps during the downhill skiing movement shown in the diagram?

Question 3

SLPaper 1

Which muscle contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens under tension?

Question 4

SLPaper 1

What is the muscle contraction where length of the muscle remains the same?

Question 5

SLPaper 1

What is an example of an isotonic eccentric contraction for the triceps?

Question 6

SLPaper 2

A study examined how three different sports influenced force–time variables during a vertical jump performed by elite athletes.

The measured variables included the time spent in the eccentric phase (when the quadriceps lengthen in preparation for the jump), the total duration of the jump (including both eccentric and concentric phases), the rate of force development during the eccentric phase, and the height of the jump.

Table 1: Average and standard deviation (SD) for the force–time variable measurements

Sport	Eccentric time (ms)	Total jump time (ms)	Eccentric rate of force development (kN s⁻¹)	Jump height (cm)
Volleyball	260 (7)	494 (9)	3.37 (0.12)	46.8 (12.7)
Soccer	199 (5)	485 (10)	4.53 (0.16)	50.1 (15.9)
Rugby	241 (8)	495 (2)	5.41 (0.10)	45.7 (11.8)

Identify the sport with the greatest mean jump height.

[1]

Identify the sport with the smallest standard deviation for eccentric rate of force development.

[1]

Using the data from Table 1, analyse the differences in force–time variables for volleyball, soccer and rugby players.

[3]

Calculate the difference between mean eccentric rate of force development for rugby and volleyball.

[2]

Comment on the meaning of the standard deviation with reference to Table 1.

[3]

Paper

Level

Question 1

SLPaper 2

Describe eccentric muscle contraction.

[1]

Construct a diagram showing a closed loop motor program.

[2]

Describe concentric muscle contraction.

[1]

Explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction.

[3]

Question 2

SLPaper 1

What type of muscle contraction takes place in the skier's quadriceps during the downhill skiing movement shown in the diagram?

Question 3

SLPaper 1

Which muscle contraction occurs when the muscle lengthens under tension?

Question 4

SLPaper 1

What is the muscle contraction where length of the muscle remains the same?

Question 5

SLPaper 1

What is an example of an isotonic eccentric contraction for the triceps?

Question 6

SLPaper 2

A study examined how three different sports influenced force–time variables during a vertical jump performed by elite athletes.

Table 1: Average and standard deviation (SD) for the force–time variable measurements

Sport	Eccentric time (ms)	Total jump time (ms)	Eccentric rate of force development (kN s⁻¹)	Jump height (cm)
Volleyball	260 (7)	494 (9)	3.37 (0.12)	46.8 (12.7)
Soccer	199 (5)	485 (10)	4.53 (0.16)	50.1 (15.9)
Rugby	241 (8)	495 (2)	5.41 (0.10)	45.7 (11.8)

Identify the sport with the greatest mean jump height.

[1]

Identify the sport with the smallest standard deviation for eccentric rate of force development.

[1]

Using the data from Table 1, analyse the differences in force–time variables for volleyball, soccer and rugby players.

[3]

Calculate the difference between mean eccentric rate of force development for rugby and volleyball.

[2]

Comment on the meaning of the standard deviation with reference to Table 1.

[3]