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Structural oppression
In de Beauvoir's framework, structural oppression refers to the interlocking systems of cultural norms, economic arrangements, and institutional practices that constrain women's freedom regardless of individual merit or effort.
The illusion of freedom
In de Beauvoir's analysis, the illusion of freedom describes the condition in which women who have achieved economic independence and professional status remain constrained by internalised norms and structural inequalities that prevent genuine transcendence.