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Conceptual analysis
Conceptual analysis is a philosophical method that seeks to clarify meaning by identifying necessary and sufficient conditions for a concept's application. Dominant in analytic philosophy since the early twentieth century, it aims to reveal hidden assumptions and resolve confusions through careful examination of how concepts function.
Elenchus
The elenchus is the Socratic method of cross-examination through systematic questioning, in which the philosopher probes a person's beliefs to expose contradictions and lead toward deeper understanding. It is not designed to provide answers directly but to show that one's initial assumptions require further examination.
Philosophical progress
Philosophical progress is the contested question of whether philosophy advances toward better answers or deeper understanding over time, or whether its value lies in the ongoing process of questioning rather than in reaching definitive conclusions.
Sadhana
Sadhana is a Sanskrit term meaning disciplined spiritual or philosophical practice aimed at self-realisation, liberation (moksha), or direct experiential knowledge rather than purely theoretical understanding. It is central to Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain philosophical traditions.