IB Philosophy 2.2 the Artist and the Artistic Process Key Definitions

Artistic accountability concerns the question of to whom an artist owes responsibility for the content, effects, and social consequences of their work, with possible answers ranging from accountability to a community or moral standards to full artistic autonomy.

Censorship is the suppression or restriction of speech, publication, or other forms of expression by a government, institution, or other authority, typically justified on grounds of national security, public morality, or social harmony. Mill argued in On Liberty that censorship harms society by silencing potentially true ideas and preventing the refinement of beliefs through open debate, making the free marketplace of ideas essential to human progress.

Censorship (in aesthetics): the suppression, restriction, or prohibition of artistic works by state, religious, or institutional authorities, on grounds that the works are harmful to public order, morally corrupting, or politically dangerous.

Creative licence (also called artistic licence) is the freedom an artist takes to depart from established conventions, factual accuracy, or traditional rules in order to achieve a desired aesthetic or emotional effect, raising philosophical questions about the limits of artistic freedom.

expression targeting individuals or groups on the basis of race, religion, gender, or sexuality, which may incite hostility or violence. Whether hate speech constitutes "harm" in Mill's sense is one of the most contested questions in contemporary free speech debates.

Outsider art (also called art brut) refers to art created by individuals who work outside the established art world, often without formal training, challenging conventional assumptions about who qualifies as an artist.

In philosophy of art, the artist is the creator of artworks, though the concept raises questions about what distinguishes artists from craftspeople, whether artistic identity is culturally specific, and whether the capacity for creation is universal or reserved for those with special talent or training.

The artistic process is the sequence of activities through which a work of art is conceived, developed, and realised, encompassing the interplay of inspiration, material engagement, and revision that varies significantly across cultures, media, and historical periods.