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Moral agency
Moral agency is the capacity of a being to understand moral principles, distinguish right from wrong, and be held accountable for its choices and actions.
Moral status
Moral status is the property of being an entity whose interests or wellbeing deserve moral consideration. Debated criteria include sentience, rationality, being the subject of a life, or membership in a biotic community.
Personhood
Personhood is the status of being a person, typically defined by possessing certain capacities such as self-consciousness, rationality, moral agency, or social recognition, though the criteria vary across philosophical traditions.
Self-consciousness
Self-consciousness is the capacity of a being to be aware of itself as an existing subject, to reflect on its own thoughts and experiences, and to recognize itself as distinct from its surroundings and other beings.