MYP History Decolonisation and Independence Movements Key Definitions

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MYP History Decolonisation and Independence Movements Key Definitions

Definition

Decolonization

Decolonization is the process by which colonies gain independence from imperial powers and become self-governing nations. It usually happens through political negotiations, nationalist movements, resistance or armed struggle and the decline of European empires after WWII.

Example

Africa
- Ghana (1957): First sub-Saharan African country to gain independence from Britain.
- Kenya (1963): Gained independence after the Mau Mau uprising and negotiations.
- Algeria (1962): Won independence from France after a long, violent war.
- Nigeria (1960): Achieved independence peacefully from Britain.
Asia
- India & Pakistan (1947): End of British rule after massive nationalist movements.
- Indonesia (1949): Fought for independence from the Netherlands.
- Vietnam (1954): Freed from French rule after the First Indochina War.
- Philippines (1946): U.S. granted independence after WWII.
Middle East
- Egypt (1922 / 1956): Gradual end of British influence; full control asserted after Suez Crisis.
- Iraq (1932): Gained independence from Britain.
Caribbean
- Jamaica (1962): Independence from Britain.
- Trinidad and Tobago (1962): Also left the British Empire.

Definition

Decolonization

Decolonization is the process by which colonies gain independence from imperial powers and become self-governing nations. It usually happens through political negotiations, nationalist movements, resistance or armed struggle and the decline of European empires after WWII.

Example

Africa
- Ghana (1957): First sub-Saharan African country to gain independence from Britain.
- Kenya (1963): Gained independence after the Mau Mau uprising and negotiations.
- Algeria (1962): Won independence from France after a long, violent war.
- Nigeria (1960): Achieved independence peacefully from Britain.
Asia
- India & Pakistan (1947): End of British rule after massive nationalist movements.
- Indonesia (1949): Fought for independence from the Netherlands.
- Vietnam (1954): Freed from French rule after the First Indochina War.
- Philippines (1946): U.S. granted independence after WWII.
Middle East
- Egypt (1922 / 1956): Gradual end of British influence; full control asserted after Suez Crisis.
- Iraq (1932): Gained independence from Britain.
Caribbean
- Jamaica (1962): Independence from Britain.
- Trinidad and Tobago (1962): Also left the British Empire.