MYP Chemistry Matter Key Definitions

1 atomic mass unit (1 u) is defined as one-twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

It defines which element the atom is by indicating the number of protons in the nucleus.

For a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature, pressure is inversely proportional to volume.

Charles’s Law describes how the volume of a gas changes with temperature when pressure is constant.

It describes how much a substance can decrease in volume when external pressure is applied.

It explains how much matter is packed into a certain volume.

The process in which particles spread from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration.

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

For a fixed amount of gas at constant volume, pressure is directly proportional to temperature (in Kelvin).

Atoms of the same element (same protons/atomic number) that have different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers

Latent heat is the energy absorbed or released without a change in temperature while a substance changes state.

Energy required to change 1 kg (or 1 mole) of a substance from solid to liquid at constant temperature.

Energy required to change 1 kg (or 1 mole) of a substance from liquid to gas at constant temperature.

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

A region of space around the nucleus where there is a high probability of finding an electron.

The weighted average mass of all the atoms (isotopes) of that element in a sample, relative to 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.