IB Sports, exercise and health science A.2.3.4 Lactate Inflection Point and Its Significance in Metabolism Key Definitions

The primary form of carbon dioxide transport in the blood, formed when CO₂ combines with water.

The process in which lactate is transported to the liver and converted back into glucose via gluconeogenesis.

The highest power output an individual can sustain over time without a rapid rise in blood lactate levels, closely related to endurance capacity.

The production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as proteins and fats.

A metabolic byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis that can be used as an energy source in muscles, the heart, and the liver.

The Lactate Inflection Point (LIP) is the maximum intensity at which the body can metabolize lactate at the same rate as it is produced.

Muscle fibers adapted for endurance activities that efficiently use oxygen and lactate as fuel sources.

VO₂ max (maximal oxygen consumption) is the maximum volume of oxygen that an individual can use per minute during intense exercise.