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Intersectionality
Intersectionality is a framework developed by Kimberle Crenshaw showing that forms of oppression such as racism, sexism, and classism overlap and interact, producing distinct experiences of disadvantage that cannot be understood by examining each category in isolation.
Misogyny
On Kate Manne's analysis, misogyny is not simply hatred of women but the enforcement mechanism of a patriarchal social order that polices and punishes women who violate gendered norms and expectations. It is distinguished from sexism, which provides the ideological justification for gender hierarchy.
Objectification
In feminist philosophy, objectification occurs when a person is treated as a thing, reducing them to their body, appearance, or usefulness. Nussbaum identified seven forms, including instrumentality, denial of autonomy, and fungibility, all of which deny the full humanity and agency of the person.
Sexism
Sexism is the systematic disadvantaging of individuals on the basis of sex or gender, operating through individual attitudes, institutional practices, and cultural norms that treat one gender as inferior or subordinate.