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Gender identity
Gender identity is an individual's internal sense of their own gender, which may or may not correspond to the sex assigned at birth or to the gender roles expected by society.
Hegemonic masculinity
Raewyn Connell's concept of hegemonic masculinity describes the culturally idealised form of masculinity that dominates a given society, subordinating both femininity and alternative masculinities while being embodied by relatively few actual men.
Heteronormativity
Heteronormativity is the assumption that heterosexuality is the default, natural, and normal form of sexual orientation, structuring social institutions and cultural expectations so that non-heterosexual identities appear deviant or marginal.
Role distribution
Role distribution is the social process by which different tasks, responsibilities, and behaviours are allocated to individuals based on their gender, creating distinct masculine and feminine spheres.
Role identification
Role identification is the psychological process by which individuals come to see particular social roles as part of who they are, internalising the expectations associated with those roles.