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Justice
In Plato's republic, justice is not merely a legal or political concept but a condition of harmony in which each part of the soul or the state performs its proper function without interfering with the others, enabling the whole to flourish.
Philosopher-king
In Plato's Republic, the philosopher-king is a ruler who possesses genuine knowledge of the Forms and governs the ideal state on the basis of wisdom rather than popular opinion or personal ambition.
Tripartite soul
The tripartite soul is Plato's theory that the human psyche consists of three distinct parts, reason, spirit, and appetite, each with its own desires, functions, and characteristic excellence.