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Paper 1

Paper 2

Paper 3

1.1 Identity

1.2 The self and the other

1.3 Consciousness

1.4 Personhood

1.5 Human nature

1.6 Freedom

2.1 The nature of art

2.2 The artist and the artistic process

2.3 Aesthetic experience and judgement

3.1 Nature of knowledge

3.2 Problems of knowledge

3.3 Application of knowledge

4.1 Normative ethics

4.2 Meta-ethics

4.3 Applied ethics

5.1 Nature and existence of God

5.2 Religious language

5.3 Religious experience and behaviour

6.1 Nature and methodologies of science

6.2 Science and the self

6.3 Science and society

7.1 The state

7.2 Justice

7.3 Liberty and rights

8.1 Social structures and institutions

8.2 Equality and discrimination

8.3 Gender

9.1 Philosophy and technology

9.2 Philosophy and the environment

9.3 The nature, function, and meaning of methodology of philosophy

10.1 Language, Truth and Logic – Alfred Jules Ayer

10.2 The Analects – Confucius

10.3 Meditations on First Philosophy – René Descartes

10.4 Black Skin, White Masks – Frantz Fanon

10.5 On the Genealogy of Morality – Friedrich Nietzsche

10.6 Creating Capabilities: The Human Development Approach – Martha C. Nussbaum

10.7 The Revolt of the Masses – José Ortega y Gasset

10.8 The Republic, Books IV–IX – Plato

10.9 The Ethics of Authenticity – Charles Taylor

10.10 Tao Te Ching – Lao Tzu

10.11 The Second Sex – Simone de Beauvoir

10.12 On Liberty – John Stuart Mill

IB Philosophy 10.1.3 the Nature of Ethical and Aesthetic Judgments Key Definitions

Definition

Aesthetic emotivism

Aesthetic emotivism extends emotivist analysis to judgments about beauty, art, and taste. On this view, statements like 'This painting is beautiful' express the speaker's aesthetic response rather than describing an objective property of the artwork.

Definition

Emotivism

Emotivism is the meta-ethical theory that moral statements do not express propositions but rather express the speaker's attitudes and attempt to influence others. Saying "stealing is wrong" is not stating a fact but expressing disapproval, sometimes called the "Boo/Hurrah" theory.

Definition

Verification principle

The verification principle is the criterion of meaning proposed by logical positivists stating that a non-tautological statement is meaningful only if empirical observations could count for or against it, rendering metaphysical and theological claims devoid of propositional content.

IB Philosophy 10.1.3 the Nature of Ethical and Aesthetic Judgments Key Definitions

Definition

Aesthetic emotivism

Aesthetic emotivism extends emotivist analysis to judgments about beauty, art, and taste. On this view, statements like 'This painting is beautiful' express the speaker's aesthetic response rather than describing an objective property of the artwork.

Definition

Emotivism

Emotivism is the meta-ethical theory that moral statements do not express propositions but rather express the speaker's attitudes and attempt to influence others. Saying "stealing is wrong" is not stating a fact but expressing disapproval, sometimes called the "Boo/Hurrah" theory.

Definition

Verification principle

The verification principle is the criterion of meaning proposed by logical positivists stating that a non-tautological statement is meaningful only if empirical observations could count for or against it, rendering metaphysical and theological claims devoid of propositional content.