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Conflict
Conflict is a fundamental aspect of global politics, arising when two or more parties perceive their goals, values, or interests as incompatible. It can occur at various levels, from interpersonal disputes to international wars.
Interstate conflict
Interstate conflict is armed conflict between two or more sovereign states. It is often driven by territorial disputes, competition over resources, or wider struggles for power and influence.
Intrastate conflict
Intrastate conflict is armed conflict that takes place within a single state, usually between a government and one or more non-state actors. It includes civil wars, insurgencies, and conflicts organised around ethnic or political identity.