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Endothermic reaction
An endothermic reaction is a reaction that absorbs energy (usually heat) from its surroundings.
$$6 \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+6 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \xrightarrow{\text { light }} \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6(\mathrm{aq})+6 \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g})$$
Exothermic reaction
An exothermic reaction is a reaction that releases energy (usually heat) into the surroundings.
$$\mathrm{CH}_4(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \quad(\Delta H \approx-890 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol})$$
| Reaction type | Energy change | Surroundings | Temperature change | Sign of $\Delta H$ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exothermic | Energy is released to surroundings | Gain heat | Increase | $\Delta H$ is negative |
| Endothermic | Energy is absorbed from surroundings | Lose heat | Decrease | $\Delta H$ is positive |
Energy profile diagrams show how the energy of a system changes as a reaction proceeds from reactants to products.
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