IB Global Politics Understanding Conflict Through the Lens of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Key Definitions

International law is a body of rules, norms, and principles that govern the relationships and interactions between states, international organizations, and, in some cases, individuals. It is designed to promote peace, security, cooperation, and justice on a global scale.

Marginalization occurs when individuals or groups are pushed to the edges of society, denied equal opportunities, or excluded from decision-making processes.

Those who bear the greatest cumulative harm in a conflict, often because multiple vulnerability factors overlap.

Vulnerability refers to the increased risk of harm or disadvantage due to specific factors such as poverty, discrimination, or lack of access to resources.

Populations at heightened risk during conflict because of factors such as age, gender, disability, or displacement status that limit their capacity to protect themselves or access aid.