Practice 3.1 Biodiversity and evolution with authentic IB Environmental systems and societies (ESS) exam questions for both SL and HL students. This question bank mirrors Paper 1, 2 structure, covering key topics like ecosystems, human impact, and sustainability. Get instant solutions, detailed explanations, and build exam confidence with questions in the style of IB examiners.
Describe the role of isolation in the process of speciation.
Explain how the following mechanisms contribute to maintaining genetic variation in populations:
Heterozygote advantage
Frequency-dependent selection
Explain how genetic drift can lead to changes in allele frequencies in small populations.
Describe two methods for conserving biodiversity ex situ.
Describe two methods for measuring biodiversity in an ecosystem.
Explain the process(es) where a species evolves over time to gain a higher tolerance to hotter climates or higher temperatures.
When addressing environmental issues, mitigation strategies can be seen as ecocentric and adaptation strategies as technocentric.
With reference to named strategies addressing global warming, to what extent is this view valid?
Explain the concept of convergent evolution and provide an example.
Describe two pieces of evidence that support the theory of evolution.
Explain how the following factors can lead to reproductive isolation:
Geographic barriers
Behavioral differences
Describe two methods for assessing genetic diversity within a population.