Browse syllabus-aligned notes for S2.2 the Covalent Model. Open each subtopic for focused explanations, examples, and summaries.
Browse summary cheatsheets for S2.2 The covalent model
S2.2.1 Formation of covalent bonds
6 minute read
S2.2.2 Single, double and triple bonds
4 minute read
S2.2.3 Coordination bonds
8 minute read
S2.2.4 VSEPR theory
9 minute read
S2.2.5 Bond polarity
S2.2.6 Molecular polarity
3 minute read
S2.2.7 Covalent network structures
13 minute read
S2.2.8 Intermolecular forces
11 minute read
S2.2.9 Intermolecular forces and physical properties
S2.2.10 Chromatography
S2.2.11 Resonance structures (HL only)
7 minute read
S2.2.12 Benzene (HL only)
S2.2.13 Expanded Octet of Electrons (HL only)
S2.2.14 Formal Charge and Lewis Formulas (HL only)
5 minute read
S2.2.15 Sigma and Pi Bonds (HL only)
S2.2.16 Hybridization and Bonding (HL only)
Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter
Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure
S2.1 The ionic model
S2.2 The covalent model
S2.3 The metallic model
S2.4 From models to materials
Structure 3. Classification of matter
Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?
Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?
Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?