IB Chemistry Reactivity 2. How Much, How Fast and How Far? Questionbank

(c) Suggest why propan-1-ol evaporates more slowly than ethanol, despite being under identical conditions.

(d) State the main intermolecular force present in alcohols and explain its origin.

(e) Identify the functional group common to all three alcohols.

(f) Draw a full structural formula of ethanol.

The reaction between sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid forms a precipitate:

$\mathrm{Na_2S_2O_3(aq)} + 2\mathrm{HCl(aq)} \rightarrow 2\mathrm{NaCl(aq)} + \mathrm{S(s)} + \mathrm{SO_2(g)} + \mathrm{H_2O(l)}$

(a) Describe a method to determine the rate of this reaction.

(b) Suggest how temperature affects the time for the cross to disappear.

(c) Explain this effect in terms of activation energy.

Hydrogen peroxide decomposes slowly at room temperature:

$2\mathrm{H_2O_2(aq)} \rightarrow 2\mathrm{H_2O(l)} + \mathrm{O_2(g)}$

(a) State one way to measure the rate of this reaction.

(b) State how the rate of reaction changes as the reaction proceeds.

(c) Explain your answer to part 2.

Which condition must hold true for a valid reaction mechanism?

Which statement correctly explains how a catalyst increases the rate of reaction?

(g) Sketch and label a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve for the ethanol sample at 60 °C. Indicate the activation energy for evaporation and the fraction of particles with enough energy to overcome it.