How Physical Inactivity Increases Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Understanding Physical Inactivity
Physical inactivity isn't just about not exercising - it's a lifestyle pattern characterized by:
- Prolonged sitting
- Limited movement throughout the day
- Minimal physical exertion in daily activities
- Sedentary behavior at work and home
The World Health Organization defines physical inactivity as engaging in less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week.
Direct Effects on Cardiovascular Health
1. Blood Flow and Circulation
Physical inactivity leads to:
- Reduced blood flow efficiency
- Decreased peripheral circulation
- Poor oxygen delivery to tissues
- Increased blood viscosity
2. Heart Muscle Changes
When we're inactive, our hearts undergo several adaptations:
- Decreased heart muscle strength
- Reduced stroke volume
- Lower cardiac efficiency
- Diminished cardiac reserve
Think of your heart like any other muscle - without regular exercise, it becomes weaker and less efficient at its job.
Risk Factors Development
1. Blood Pressure Issues
Physical inactivity contributes to hypertension through:
- Stiffening of arteries
- Reduced vessel elasticity
- Increased peripheral resistance
- Higher resting heart rate
2. Metabolic Problems
Lack of physical activity affects metabolism by:
- Reducing insulin sensitivity
