Hypokinetic Diseases: When Lack of Movement Takes Its Toll
Understanding Hypokinetic Diseases
Hypokinetic diseases are conditions that develop or worsen due to insufficient physical activity. Let's break down six major ones that significantly impact global health.
1. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
- A condition where the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrowed by fatty deposits
- Key characteristics:
- Plaque buildup in coronary arteries
- Reduced blood flow to heart muscle
- Can lead to angina or heart attacks
CHD is often called the "silent killer" because symptoms may not be apparent until significant damage has occurred.
2. Stroke
- Occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted
- Two main types:
- Ischemic: blocked blood vessel
- Hemorrhagic: burst blood vessel
- Can result in paralysis, speech problems, and other neurological issues
3. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
- Persistent elevation of blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg
- Often called the "silent disease"
- Risk factors:
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Poor diet
- Stress
- Genetic predisposition
Regular blood pressure monitoring is crucial as hypertension often has no obvious symptoms.
4. Obesity
- Excessive body fat accumulation
- Measured using BMI (Body Mass Index)
- BMI > 30 kg/m² classified as obese
