IB Biology Topic C3.1.15 Feedback Control of Ventilation Rate Revision Notes (SL/HL)

IB Biology Topic C3.1.15 Feedback Control of Ventilation Rate Revision Notes (SL/HL) | RevisionDojo

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Chemoreceptors Adjust Ventilation to Keep Blood pH and Gases in Range

Ventilation rate is tightly regulated by feedback to keep oxygen, carbon dioxide, and blood pH at proper levels.
Chemoreceptors detect changes in blood chemistry and signal the respiratory centres in the brainstem, which adjust breathing by driving the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.

Definition

pH is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).

Note

Blood pH is held tightly between 7.35 and 7.45.

Carbon Dioxide from Respiration Lowers Blood pH

Carbon dioxide and pH
1. Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide as a waste product.
2. In blood, CO2 forms carbonic acid, which releases hydrogen ions, lowering pH and making blood more acidic.
Exercise and increased carbon dioxide
1. During exercise, muscles work harder and produce more CO2.
2. This raises acidity and can push blood outside its optimal pH range.

Tip

Central chemoreceptors are more sensitive to CO2 changes.
Peripheral chemoreceptors also monitor oxygen levels.

Where the Chemoreceptors Are

Central chemoreceptors (major role)
1. Located in the medulla oblongata of the brainstem.
2. Detect pH changes by sensing CO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid.

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Chemoreceptors Adjust Ventilation to Keep Blood pH and Gases in Range

Ventilation rate is tightly regulated by feedback to keep oxygen, carbon dioxide, and blood pH at proper levels.
Chemoreceptors detect changes in blood chemistry and signal the respiratory centres in the brainstem, which adjust breathing by driving the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.

Definition

pH is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic).

Note

Blood pH is held tightly between 7.35 and 7.45.

Carbon Dioxide from Respiration Lowers Blood pH

Carbon dioxide and pH
1. Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide as a waste product.
2. In blood, CO2 forms carbonic acid, which releases hydrogen ions, lowering pH and making blood more acidic.
Exercise and increased carbon dioxide
1. During exercise, muscles work harder and produce more CO2.
2. This raises acidity and can push blood outside its optimal pH range.

Tip

Central chemoreceptors are more sensitive to CO2 changes.
Peripheral chemoreceptors also monitor oxygen levels.

Where the Chemoreceptors Are

Central chemoreceptors (major role)
1. Located in the medulla oblongata of the brainstem.
2. Detect pH changes by sensing CO2 in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Definition

Paywall

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anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Note

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam quis nostrud exercitation.

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Tip

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.
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A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics

IB Biology Topic C3.1.15: Feedback Control of Ventilation Rate Notes

Chemoreceptors Adjust Ventilation to Keep Blood pH and Gases in Range

Carbon Dioxide from Respiration Lowers Blood pH

Where the Chemoreceptors Are

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Chemoreceptors Adjust Ventilation to Keep Blood pH and Gases in Range

Carbon Dioxide from Respiration Lowers Blood pH

Where the Chemoreceptors Are

anim nostrud sit dolore minim proident quis fugiat velit et eiusmod nulla quis nulla mollit dolor sunt culpa aliqua

Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit

Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident

Unlock the rest of this chapter with a free account

A - Unity and Diversity9 subtopics

B - Form and Function10 subtopics

C - Interaction and Interdependence9 subtopics

D - Continuity and Change12 subtopics