The Spectrum of Teaching Styles in Sports
Understanding Teaching Styles
Teaching styles in sports and physical education exist on a spectrum from teacher-centered to student-centered approaches. This spectrum, developed by Muska Mosston, helps coaches and teachers choose the most effective method for different learning situations.
The teaching style spectrum isn't about finding one "best" method – it's about having a toolkit of approaches to use depending on your goals and students' needs.
Command Style (Style A)
The most teacher-centered approach where:
- Teacher makes all decisions
- Students follow precise instructions
- Perfect for teaching specific techniques or safety-critical skills
A gymnastics coach teaching a new vault technique:
- Demonstrates exact body position
- Gives specific timing cues
- Students replicate exactly as shown
Practice Style (Style B)
Slightly more student involvement:
- Teacher explains and demonstrates
- Students practice independently
- Teacher provides individual feedback
- Students have some autonomy in practice pace
This style works great for developing basic skills where students need time to practice but still require regular feedback.
Reciprocal Style (Style C)
Introduces peer teaching:
- Students work in pairs
- One performs while the other observes and provides feedback
- Teacher provides criteria for evaluation
- Promotes social learning and observation skills
Self-Check Style (Style D)
Students evaluate their own performance:
- Teacher provides criteria
- Students practice independently
- Students assess their own progress
- Develops self-awareness and analytical skills
