Notes for Post Rwandan Genocide: Justice and Reconciliation - IB | RevisionDojo
Post Rwandan Genocide: Justice and Reconciliation Notes
Post Rwandan Genocide: Justice and Reconciliation
Rwanda’s Gacaca courts sought grassroots justice and reconciliation after the genocide, blending accountability with community healing.
Purpose of the process
Justice, Truth and Reconciliation focuses on addressing past human rights violations, promoting healing, and fostering social cohesion in societies emerging from conflict or authoritarian rule.
United Nations perspective
Truth and reconciliation mechanisms help uncover violations through investigations, hearings, or public inquiries.
These processes enable victims to be heard and perpetrators to be held accountable.
The goal is to balance the pursuit of justice with the need for societal healing, often combining judicial and non-judicial measures.
Impact of the 1994 genocide on Rwanda’s judiciary
The genocide decimated the judicial system, leaving fewer than six judges and around ten lawyers.
They faced an overwhelming caseload involving tens of thousands accused of genocide-related crimes.
Pre-genocide Rwandan law included provisions against murder and crimes against humanity but lacked frameworks to address genocide on such a scale.
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Introduction to Post-Genocide Rwanda
The aftermath of the Rwandan genocide presented overwhelming challenges. Delivering justice in a post-war period has always posed difficulties but, in the case of Rwanda, the scale of the problems was immense. This was due to a number of reasons:
The fact that so many of the judiciary had been killed in the genocide. It is estimated that fewer than 6 judges and only 10 lawyers survived.
The scale of the killing and the numbers of those responsible ran into thousands, from all walks of society.
Huge difficulties arose from the division of the country into survivors, victims and the temporarily displaced people, subject to the rule of the victorious minority.
DefinitionRwandan genocideA mass slaughter of Tutsi in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority government during 1994, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 800,000 people.
Analogy"It was," said Linda Melvern, "as though in 1945 the Jews and Germans were to live together in Germany after the Holocaust, under a Jewish-dominated army, with roughly a third of the Germans living outside of the country".
The desire for justice and need for reconciliation would be paramount in the country in the following years. The pursuit of both would surely be problematic.
